1. Education, prisons, temperance, women
Reforming Society
Education, prisons, temperance, women

2. Matching Manifest Destiny Nativism Wilmot Proviso Horace Mann
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
Henry David Thoreau
Ralph Waldo Emerson
William Lloyd Garrison
Leader of education reform, namely of public schooling
Believer in “civil disobdience”, or peaceful protest
Father of Transcendental Movement
Prominent American abolitionist, journalist, social reformer
Proposed a law to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexican in Mexican-American War
Officially ended war with Mexico, granted the U.S. land in N.M, Arizona, California,etc.
19th Century belief that expansion was God’s will
Policy of promoting interests of natives against those of immigrants

3. Noah Webster Wrote The American Spelling Book
Developed spelling forms unique to America
Involved in writing dictionaries

4. Public School Movement
Hoped to increase the number of students going to school
Provides the nation with more lawyers, doctors, engineers, etc
Makes the nation economically stronger

5. Public School Movement
Reformers would accomplish these goals by arguing for a tax-supported school system
Would allow any child to attend school for free
Opens up access to education for lower classes
Horace Mann- Supported compulsory (required attendance by law) education

6. Prison Reform
Movement aimed to rehabilitate criminals, not just remove them from society
Auburn and Pennsylvania system incorporated
Auburn: Inmates have strict rules, but work together in day, slept alone in cells
Pennsylvania: Inmates repent in strict isolation
Auburn model was most popular in the US

7. Temperance Movement
Temperance: attempt to limit alcohol consumption and the social problems that come from alcohol abuse
Alcohol was believed to be the source of crime, violence, poverty, sickness, etc

8. Women’s Movement

9. Women Face Limits Women could not vote Women could not own property
Women were not supposed to speak in public
Women could not receive a formal education
Women had no rights in divorce

10. Women Face Limits In the Workplace
Women could not work in most professions (other than factory work)
Women were paid less for their work

11. Sojourner Truth Runaway slave
Leading figure for women’s rights and abolition

12. Grimke Sister They argued that:
God made men and women equal, so governments should treat men and women equal

13. Women Leading Reform Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Women’s rights leaders, argued for full equality of women
Helped organize the Seneca Falls Convention

14. Seneca Falls Convention
First women’s rights convention
Formed a “Declaration of Sentiments” which was similar to the Declaration of Independence, only it was about women’s rights
Called for voting rights (suffrage) and equal economic opportunities for women
Failed, but started the movement

15. Susan B. Anthony She argued for women’s suffrage
Most of these reforms for women would not come until the 1920’s, but it all started in the early 1800’s

16. Anti-Slavery Movement

17. Life Under Slavery Long days and TOUGH work
Suffered beatings, whippings, humiliation
Denied basic necessities
Denied education
Families separated

18. Some slaves tried to escape to:
The Northern states
Mexico

19. Resistance to Slavery Nat Turner: Led slave revolt in Virginia (1831)
Tried to take weapons storage, but it failed
Participants were killed or captured and executed
Led Southern slave owners to impose more strict restrictions on slaves, called the “slave codes”

20. The Abolition Movement
Movement to abolish (take away) slavery in the United States

21. Resistance to Slavery David Walker Used religion to attack slavery
Supported black rebellion to crush slavery

22. William Lloyd Garrison
An abolitionist who published his newspaper The Liberator
Tried to convince readers that slavery was morally wrong
Wanted emancipation (freedom) of slaves immediately with no compensation to slave owners

23. Frederick Douglass An escaped slave who became an abolitionist leader
Published the North Star about abolition
Served as an adviser to President Lincoln

24. Slavery divides the Union
Northerners:
White workers feared black competitors
White business owners feared black entrepreneurs
Northern textile mills depended on southern cotton
Most northerners did not want to get involved with the issue of slavery

25. Slavery divides the Union
Southerners:
Slavery is necessary provides the foundation of the economy
Slave labor is superior to wage labor in the north
Claimed Christianity supported slavery, enslaved people could not survive without slavery