Today in World History 10/5/2015.

Today in World History 10/5/2015

What are we Doing Today? Food drive- bring in food!!
This Day in History Go through art pictures Scientific Rev. notes- Descartes and Bacon Assign Enlightenment #2 terms on quizlet- quiz Fri. Work time on timelines- present Wednesday!

This Day in History 1938- On October 5, 1938, Jews’ passports were invalidated, and those who needed a passport for emigration purposes were given one marked with the letter J (Jude – Jew). Another law from required Jews who did not have a “typically Jewish name” to add one. Men were forced to add the name Israel and women Sarah so that they would be easily recognized as Jews.

Historical Thinking and Skills
Today’s Standard(s) Historical Thinking and Skills Students apply skills by using a variety of resources to construct theses and support or refute contentions made by others. Alternative explanations of historical events are analyzed and questions of historical inevitability are explored. 5. The Scientific Revolution impacted religious, political, and cultural institutions by challenging how people viewed the world. 6. Enlightenment thinkers applied reason to discover natural laws guiding human nature in social, political, and economic systems and institutions. 7. Enlightenment ideas challenged practices related to religious authority, absolute rule and mercantilism.

Bondone- 1320 Medieval because: It is religious. We know this because of the light around the heads. The saint (or a person) is elevated above the others and bigger. The religious figure is centered in the picture

1200 Medieval because: It is religious because of the circles around the heads. A man (Jesus) is bigger and in the center. The other men are looking at Jesus and have their hands towards him.

Enlightenment because:
Testatlin- 1667 Enlightenment because: Everyone is in proportion to one another There are two globes in the front A man is on a ladder seeming to work/look at a huge paper- a map? There is nothing religious in the painting There are books on the table

Veronese- 1560 Enlightenment because: No religious symbols/people Focus on one person: a woman and not a queen (no crown) Realistic

@1200 Medieval because: Shows the social structure of the time (king & knights) People are not realistic

Raphael- 1509 “School of Athens” Enlightenment because:
Nothing religious 2. People are the same size 3. There is not one focus on a specific person 4. Everyone talking/reading

COPERNICUS- mid 1500’s Challenged the belief that the Earth was the center of the universe Using math, he suggested the universe was sun-centered- Heliocentric Planets revolve around the sun His theory was rejected by most scholars and the church “On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres”- book that he dedicated to the Pope! Church banned it for 3 centuries

KEPLER- early 1600’s 3 laws of planetary motion: planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun as the foci planetary motion conforms to mathematical formulas (equal area=equal time) planets do not move at uniform speeds in their orbits built on what Copernicus only guessed at

Wrote “On Motion” which was opposite of Aristotle (researched form and matter) made his own telescope and looked at the sky 1610- published “Starry Messenger”: moon is not flat & smooth, but round with mountains and craters Venus has phases like the moon, which means it revolves around the sun discovered Jupiter had revolving moons Church threatened torture & death Convicted of heresy & put under house arrest

NEWTON- late 1600’s, early 1700’s
thought of calculus, theories of light & color, laws of planetary motion, gravity (falling apple) discovered planets move in elliptical orbits published “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy” argued for a universe governed by natural laws

BACON- late 1500’s, early 1600’s “Father of the Scientific Revolution” Best known for inventing the Scientific Method Used the inductive method wanted science to become a tool for the betterment of mankind placed emphasis on experimentation & interaction

DESCARTES- early 1600’s Reason, not tradition, is the source of all knowledge The deductive method the importance of doubt “I think, therefore, I am” (“Cogito, ergo sum”) 1637- “Discourse on the Method”

Consequences of the Scientific Revolution
Rise of the “Scientific Community” -The Royal Society of London (1662) -The Academy of Royal Sciences (1666) 2. The Modern Scientific Method 3. A universe ordered according to natural laws- mechanical 4. Laws discovered by human reason 5. “de-spiritualized” and demystified the universe 6. Deistic view of God- he is a clockmaker