1. Ch. 5
Study Guide Answers

2. 1. Photochemical haze that forms when sunlight acts on industrial pollutants and burning fuels
H- Smog

3. 2. Liquid mixture of complex hydrocarbon compounds used as a fuel source
B- Petroleum

4. 3. Energy released by heat within Earth
P- Geothermal energy

5. 4.Non-renewable energy resource such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas formed from the remains of organisms that lived long ago
A- Fossil fuel

6. 5. Rain, sleet, or snow that contains a high concentration of acids
F- Acid precipitation

8. 6. Gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons used as a fuel
C- Natural gas

9. 7. Mixture of gasoline and alcohol used as a fuel
O- Gasohol

10. 8. Electrical energy produced by falling water
M- Hydroelectric energy

11. 9. Energy released by a fission or fusion reaction
I- Nuclear energy

12. 10. Use of a windmill to drive an electric generator
Q- Wind power

13. 11. Energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce a new compound
J- Chemical energy

14. 12. Solid fossil fuel that forms from partially decomposed plant material
D- Coal

15. 13. Organic matter that can be used as a source of energy
N- Biomass

16. 1. What is any natural material used by humans called?
Natural resource

17. 2. List several renewable resources?
Fresh water, wind, trees, sun

18. 3. Humans can conserve natural resources by ______________.
Recycling and keeping water sources clean

19. 4. Natural resources that humans use to generate energy are called ______________________.
Energy resources

20. 5. List the 3 forms of fossil fuels:
Liquid- petroleum
Gas- natural gas
Solid- coal

21. 6. Petroleum and natural gas form mainly from ______________.
Decayed sea organisms

22. 7. Strip mining is used ______________.
To mine shallow coal deposits

23. 8. Natural vents that discharge steam or water from Earth are called __________.
Geysers

24. 9. People may obtain fossil fuels ________________.
By drilling

25. 10. What is a problem associated with fossil fuel use?
Acid precipitation may form

26. 11. What is a disadvantage associated with most alternative fuel sources?
They are expensive to build.

27. 12. What is an alternative to using fossil fuels?
Burning biomass, solar energy, wind energy, hydroelectric energy

28. 13. The use of solar energy systems is limited by __________________.
High cost of equipment

29. 14. The energy contained in fossil fuels originally came from _____________.
The sun

30. 15. What is one function of cooling towers in nuclear power plants?
To cool water

31. 16. What is the term for two or more nuclei joining together to form a new nucleus?
Fusion