1. Lesson V
Genitive Case

2. cibus
cibi m.
food

3. copia
copiae f.
supply, abundance

4. cura
curae f.
worry, care, concern

5. forma
formae f.
shape

6. numerus
numeri m.
number

7. regina
reginae f.
queen

8. clarus, clara, clarum
clear, famous

9. planus, plana, planum
level, flat

10. Identifying 1st and 2nd Declension Nouns
All nouns belong to one of the five declensions.
That declension is their “family.”
The noun will always use the endings of their declension---and only their declension.
Nouns will not change declension.

11. How to tell???
1st declension nouns have –AE in their genitive singular.
2nd declension nouns have –I in their genitive singular.
Genitive singular: the second part of the dictionary entry.
aqua, aquae (f.)---water
carrus, carri (m.)---cart

12. Practice! insula, insulae carrus, carri ancilla, ancillae
amicus, amici
templum, templi
luna, lunae
agricola, agricolae
vir, viri
FIRST
SECOND

13. cibus
cibi m.
food

14. copia
copiae f.
supply, abundance

15. cura
curae f.
worry, care, concern

16. forma
formae f.
shape

17. numerus
numeri m.
number

18. regina
reginae f.
queen

19. clarus, clara, clarum
clear, famous

20. planus, plana, planum
level, flat

21. Ruler of every person, place and thing.
The Noun Kingdom
Once upon a time in a faraway kingdom, Great King Noun ruled. He ruled every person, place and thing in the kingdom. The joy of his life were his 5 daughters. Every daughter was special and had a special purpose in the kingdom.
King Noun
Ruler of every person, place and thing.
He had 5 daughters. Each one was special!

22. Naomi was first in the hearts of her subjects.
The Noun Kingdom
Naomi
The oldest daughter was Niomi Nominative. She was first in the hearts of her subjects. She was a really active. She was always looking for a new action challenge.
Naomi Nominative
Naomi was first in the hearts of her subjects.

23. What we can learn from Naomi Nominative!
The nominative case ending is used for subjects.
Subjects usually come first in a sentence, both in English word order and Latin word order.
Aqua est clara. The water is clear.
Puellae equum amant. The girls like the horse.
Servus aquam portat. The slave carries the water.
Carri sunt magni. The carts are large.

24. Naomi was first in the hearts of her subjects.
The Noun Kingdom
Naomi
The oldest daughter was Niomi Nominative. She was first in the hearts of her subjects. She was a really active. She was always looking for a new action challenge.
Naomi Nominative
Naomi was first in the hearts of her subjects.

25. Object of every prince’s affection!
The Noun Kingdom
I love Angie!
I love Angie!
The fourth daughter was Angie Accusative. Angie was the most beautiful of the daughters. She was the object of affection for all the neighboring princes. Despite her beauty Angie was very humble always took a place at the end of the line.
Angie Accusative
Object of every prince’s affection!
Despite her beauty, Angie was very humble and usually took a place at the end of the line.

26. What we can learn from Angie Accusative!
The accusative case ending is used for direct objects.
Direct objects usually come at the end of an English sentence…but in Latin, they’re usually in the middle.
Puellae equum amant. The girls like the horse.
Servus aquam portat. The slave carries the water.

27. Object of every prince’s affection!
The Noun Kingdom
I love Angie!
I love Angie!
The fourth daughter was Angie Accusative. Angie was the most beautiful of the daughters. She was the object of affection for all the neighboring princes. Despite her beauty Angie was very humble always took a place at the end of the line.
Angie Accusative
Object of every prince’s affection!
Despite her beauty, Angie was very humble and usually took a place at the end of the line.

28. Very Possessive OF her Possessions!
The Noun Kingdom
All MINE!!
The second daughter was Gina Genitive. Now Gina was very selfish. She wanted to possess everything. Her first word was mine
Gina Genitive
Very Possessive OF her Possessions!

29. What We Can Learn About Gina Genitive!
The genitive case ending is used to show possession.
Genitives can be translated with ‘s, s’, or the word OF.
IF YOU TRANSLATE GENITIVES WITH “OF” YOU WILL ALWAYS GET THE RIGHT ANSWER.
REPEAT: IF YOU TRANSLATE GENITIVES WITH “OF” YOU WILL ALWAYS GET THE RIGHT ANSWER!!!

30. Gina Genitive, cont’d!
equus puellae (the horse of the girl; OR, the girl’s horse)
aqua agricolarum (the water of the farmers, OR, the farmers’ water)
Case Singular Plural
Nominative (subject) a ae
Genitive (“of”) ae arum
Dative ae is
Accusative (direct obj.) am as
Ablative a is

31. Gina Genitive, cont’d!
aqua equi (the water of the horse, OR, the horse’s water)
cibus equorum (the food of the horses, OR, the horses’ food)
Case Sg Pl.
Nom. (subject) us i
Gen. (“of”) i orum
Dat o is
Acc. (direct obj.) um os
Abl o is

32. Let’s practice! the mother of the girls (the girls’ mother)
the girl’s book (the book of the girl)
the wheels of the carts (the carts’ wheels)
the driver of the cart (the cart’s driver)
puellarum
puellae
carrorum
carri
Case Sg Pl.
Gen. (“of”) ae arum
Gen. (“of”) i orum

33. Let’s practice! fama equorum vita agricolae numerus insularum
cibus Romanorum
pupa (doll) puellae
cibus servi
fortunam reginarum
The fame of the horses
The life of the farmer
The number of the islands
The food of the Romans
The doll of the girl
The food of the slave
The fortune of the queens

34. Word Study: Latin phrases and abbreviations used in English
i.e. (id est)
e.g. (exempli gratia)
etc. (et cetera)
cf. (confer)
magna cum laude
in loco parentis
carpe diem
Magna Carta
that is…
for example
and the rest, and so forth
compare
with great praise, honor
in place of a parent
seize the day (i.e., enjoy the moment)
The Great Paper, the document signed in 1215 that is one of the cornerstones of English civil liberties