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Cell Cycle and Cell Division
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BIG PICTURE
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Mitosis 2n 2n 2n One (Diploid) Cell becomes Two (Diploid) Cells
Example : Cats Somatic Cells have 38 (2n) chromosomes Sex cells have 19 (n) chromosomes
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Chromosomes Contain the genetic information
How this information is transmitted from one cell to another 2 sister chromatids DNA Replication Centromere Arm Genes/DNA Chromosome (unduplicated) Chromosome (duplicated)
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A Chromosome
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Number of Chromosomes Types of Chromosomes (Humans)
Body (Autosomes) – 44 chromosomes (22 pairs) Sex – 2 chromosomes (1 pair) (females XX, males XY) Total Number of Chromosomes = 46
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Cell Cycle Two main phases: Interphase 3 stages
G1 – rapid growth S – DNA replication G2 – prepare for mitosis 2. Mitosis (M) = cell division 4 stages Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
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Mitosis Interphase Cytokinesis Telophase Prophase Anaphase Metaphase
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Interphase DNA replication All chromosome have two sister chromatids
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Prophase Chromosome formation DNA condenses Nuclear membrane dissolves
Centrioles move to opposite poles of cell
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Metaphase Centromere of chromosomes joins to spindle fiber
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
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Anaphase Centromere doubles
Chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite poles by the spindle fibers
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Telophase Cytokinesis – separation of cytoplasm;
Nuclear membrane reappears in the two daughter cells Cytokinesis – separation of cytoplasm; final stage of cell division
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Mitosis under the microscope
PROPHASE TELOPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE
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Mitosis Lab –Root Tip Telophase Prophase Anaphase Metaphase Interphase
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Vocabulary The Cell Cycle Chromosomes Interphase Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis
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Homework Page 44 Questions #1 - 7
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Mitosis On the Table Using pipe cleaners and your text, recreate the stages of mitosis on your desk with a partner 1 partner tries each phase, and the other partner checks to make sure it’s done correctly Raise your hand for teacher to check Then switch roles
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