1. Electricity – Review and Breadbaords

2. 1. These forces are responsible for lightning, nature's most spectacular show of electricity …
A. magnetic forces
B. electric forces
C. attractive forces
D. repelling forces
2. Some particles in an atom are charged. Those that are charged negatively are called …
A. neutrons
B. electrons
C. nucleus
D. protons

3. 1. When charged objects are brought close to uncharged objects, this occurs… A. separation B. attraction C. neutralization D. atomization 2. The laws of electric charges include all of the following, EXCEPT… A. opposite charges attract each other B. charged objects attract neutral objects C. similar (like) charges repel each other D. opposite charges repel each other 3. Materials can be conductors, semiconductors, superconductors, or insulators. Which of the following materials would make a good insulator? A. aluminum B. human body C. silicon D. porcelain

4. Electric vocabulary

6. Series circuit Has a single loop for electrons to travel round
Components are connected one after another
Current has to travel through all components
Current is the same at all points
Voltage is shared between components
EXPT make buzzer game groups attempt each others

7. Parallel circuit Has two or more paths for electrons to flow down
Current is shared between the branches
Sum of the current in each branch = total current
Voltage loss is the same across all components
H/O drawing parallel circuits
ARB H/O what wrong with circuit?

8. A battery describes two or more cells connected together.
A single “battery” is called a cell.
-D. C. AA. AAA are incorrectly called batteries – they should actually be called cells
-Car batteries are correctly called batteries because they contain more than one cell.

9. Practice drawing some circuits
Draw a series circuit with a battery, a switch, and a lamp.
Draw a parallel circuit with a battery and 2 lamps.
Draw a series circuit with a battery, 2 lamps, and a switch.
Draw a series circuit with a battery, a switch, and an ammeter.
Draw a parallel circuit with a battery, 2 lamps and a switch.

10. 1. Current is the rate of flow of charged electrons in a conductor, and is measured in … A. amperes B. volts C. ohms D. milli-volts 2. The potential difference across two points is usually referred to as ... A. micrometer B. voltage C. resistance D. voltmeter

11. SUMMARY In Series In Parallel Current Voltage
The branches share electrons and add to the total
Always the same
Voltage from source = voltage used
Voltage is shared between power users
Current Series is the same
Current Parallel is shared so branches = total
Voltage series from source = voltage used and voltage is shared between users
Voltage parallel is the same in all branches
Voltage is the same in all branches

12. Daily Problem
Draw a series circuit with a battery, a switch, and a lamp.
Draw a parallel circuit with a battery and 2 lamps.

13. Breadboards
Breadboards are one of the most fundamental pieces when learning how to build circuits. 

14. History
If you wanted to build a circuit prior to the 1960s, chances are you would have used a technique called wire-wrap. Wire wrap is a process that involves wrapping wires around conductive posts attached to a perfboard (a.k.a. a protoboard).

15. So why do we call this electronic “circuit builder” a breadboard
So why do we call this electronic “circuit builder” a breadboard? Many years ago, people would grab their mom’s breadboard, a few nails or thumbtacks, and start connecting wires onto the board to give themselves a platform on which to build their circuits.

16. Why use breadboards?
The real beauty of breadboards–they can house both the simplest circuit as well as very complex circuits.
When you are trying to figure out how a part works and constantly rewiring things, you don’t want to have to solder your connections each time.
When trying to duplicate a customer’s problem, some Technical Support teams will use breadboards to build, test, and analyze a circuit. 

17. Anatomy of a breadboard

18. Notice that there are only five clips on this strip
Notice that there are only five clips on this strip. You can only have up to five components connected in one particular section of the breadboard. Each horizontal row is separated by a ravine, in the middle of the breadboard. This ravine isolates both sides of a given row from one another, and they are not electrically connected.

19. Power Rails

21. Important caveat!
Do not put the capacitors in backwards! You will notice that the capacitors have a long leg and a short leg. The long leg is always the anode, or positive lead. Make sure to put the anode on the positive line. If the capacitor is inserted incorrectly, when a current is applied it will be ruined and will possibly even EXPLODE. (science is cool!)‏
You don't need to worry about which direction resistors face because they're symmetrical. If you put the diode in backwards, the circuit won't work. If you put the capacitors in backwards, bad things will happen.

22. Resistors Each resistor will have a series of coloured bands
These will tell you the resistance of the resistor