1. Growth and Development
Prenatal  old age

2. Prenatal Period Time before birth
Gametes are joined together during fertilization
As sperm are exposed to uterine fluid capacitation occurs allowing them to whiplashing movement
Enzymes on the sperm break down the wall of the oocyte and only one is allowed to enter

3. Fertilization Fertilization takes place in fallopian tubes
Zygote travels to uterus where implantation takes place 10 days after fertilization

4. In Vitro”within glass” Fertilization
Eggs are harvested from female and sperm from male
Egg is fertilized in petri dish and implanted into uterus

5. Prenatal Period Placenta grows attached to the uterine wall
Placenta provides nutrients, removes wastes and secretes hormones

6. Prenatal Period
Umbilical cord forms out of placenta and connect to fetus
Mother and fetal blood rarely mix
Many toxins, chemicals(caffeine, alcohol, drugs) and some microorganisms can cross barrier

7. Gestation Pregnancy last 39 weeks Divided into 3 (3 month) trimesters
Embryo up to 8 weeks
Fetus 8 weeks until delivery
Baby after delivery

8. Delivery “en caul”

9. Full Term Pregnancy

10. Multiple Births

11. Parturition
Baby drops down into birth canal and causes a stretching of uterus
Uterus stretching causes release of oxytocin and via a positive feedback loop increases until child is expelled from uterus
After birth the placenta must also be expelled

13. Post Natal Period Infancy Childhood Adolescence Adulthood
Older Adulthood (old age)

14. Effects of Aging Decrease in skeletal and muscle mass
By age 80 there is 50% reduction in muscle mass
Skin becomes dry, sagging
Number of nephrons decrease by 50%
Ribs cartialge hardens resulting in “barrel chest”
Atherosclerosis(narrowing) and arteriosclerosis(hardening)
Presbyopia, hardening of lens causes loss in near vision
Cataract occurs when lens becomes cloudy

16. Progeria Rare genetic condition where children age very rapidly
Tissues fail to regenerate
They usually die in first or second decade of life