1. Key Stage 3

2. Our Teeth

3. Our Teeth Why are teeth important?
Teeth get our food ready for our stomach.
Our food needs chewing and squashing up before we can swallow it.

4. Video; Different types of teeth
Teeth Types
Video; Different types of teeth

5. Teeth Types

6. Teeth Types
Incisor
Front teeth
Used to slice off chunks of food

7. Teeth Types Canine Pointy teeth next to incisors
Used to grip prey and tear food

8. Teeth Types Premolar Have a flat biting surface
Smaller than molar teeth
Good for chewing

9. Teeth Types Molar Biggest teeth At the back of the mouth
Used to chew and crush food

10. Teeth Types Front teeth, used to slice off chunks of food
Pointy teeth next to incisors
Smaller than molar teeth, good for chewing
Biggest teeth, at the back of the mouth.
Used to chew and crush food

11. Tooth Types
Tooth types Worksheet

12. Video; What are teeth made of?

13. What are teeth made of?

14. What are teeth made of?
Enamel: Hard outer shell that covers the crown of your tooth
Dentine: Makes up most of the tooth, including the root
Crown
Nerve: Gives the tooth feeling
Gum: Covers the bone and forms a seal around the crown of the tooth
Root
Bone: Supports the tooth and holds it in place
Crown: The part of the tooth visible above the gum
Root: The part of the tooth below the gum, held by the bone

15. Tooth anatomy worksheet
What are teeth made of?
Tooth anatomy worksheet

16. Our teeth Humans have 2 sets of teeth
20 baby teeth (known as primary or milk teeth)
32 permanent teeth (known as secondary or adult teeth)

17. Our teeth
Baby teeth are the first teeth we get. They start to erupt when we are 6 months old. They are small teeth that quickly wear out.
From the age of 6 years old, permanent teeth start to replace baby teeth. Permanent teeth are much bigger and stronger than milk teeth. They are naturally more yellow in colour because they are thicker and tougher than baby teeth.
The last baby teeth are replaced around 12 years old.
Our final permanent teeth to erupt are called ‘wisdom teeth’. ‘Wisdom teeth’ erupt after the age of 18 years old but not everyone has wisdom teeth.

18. Our teeth Age Change 0-3 y.o. 20 baby teeth come through. 6 y.o.
First adult molar teeth come through. No baby teeth are lost.
6-7 y.o.
8 baby front teeth fall out. Replaced with adult incisor teeth.
10-12 y.o.
Loads of baby teeth fall out in quick succession to be replaced by adult teeth.
12 y.o.
More adult molar teeth right at the back
18-25 y.o.
Wisdom teeth (if you have them)

19. Dental development worksheet
Our teeth
Dental development worksheet

20. Animals and their teeth
Herbivores
Example: Sheep, Cows, Elephants
Herbivores Eat Plants.
They chew all day and need big flat molar teeth to grind up their food.
Molar teeth

21. Animals and their teeth
Carnivores
Example: Tigers, Sharks, Wolves
Carnivores eat meat.
They have pointy teeth to catch that grip their prey.
Their teeth are sharp to bite and tear meat.
Canine teeth that grip
Incisor teeth that cut

22. Animals and their teeth
Omnivores
Examples: Humans, Bears, Parents
Omnivores eat plants and meat.
We have lots of different types of teeth to help us to eat what we like .
We have sharp teeth at the front and flat, molar teeth at the back.

23. Animals and their teeth
Animals’ teeth worksheet
Animal illustrations; print for use in class discussion

24. Video; About tooth decay

25. Tooth decay
Bacteria are tiny creatures that are so small, your eyes cannot see them
Some bacteria live on your teeth
Tooth decay happens when bacteria eat sugar in your food
Bacteria turn sugar into acid that attacks your teeth
This causes holes in your teeth
This is tooth decay

26. The tooth can become painful.
Tooth decay
Tooth decay
The tooth is damaged.
The tooth can become painful.

27. The cavity becomes large and can damage the nerve of the tooth.
How tooth decay grows
The cavity can become so big that the enamel shell breaks down. The nerve could die, allowing bacteria to invade the roots and cause an abscess (infection) under the tooth.
Decay starts as a small hole in the protective enamel layer on the outside of the tooth.
Decay can break through the protective layer of enamel and spread into dentine.
The cavity becomes large and can damage the nerve of the tooth.
Abscess

28. Consequences of tooth decay
Both of these teeth will probably need more than a filling. If the nerve in the tooth is damaged or dead, the tooth either needs root canal treatment (your dentist cleans the bacteria out of the roots of the tooth) or the tooth needs to be removed. Remember, if this happens to a permanent tooth, there will not be another tooth to replace it.
Decay in the enamel can be stopped if it is kept really clean.
This tooth needs a filling. The decay is removed and the space is filled.
Abscess

29. Stages of decay worksheet
Tooth decay
Tooth decay worksheet
and
Stages of decay worksheet

30. How do we protect our teeth?

31. How do we protect our teeth?
Toothbrushing
Toothpaste
Healthy Diet
Visit Your Dentist

32. Video; How to brush your teeth
Toothbrushing
We need to brush our teeth to get rid of food and bacteria
Video; How to brush your teeth

33. Toothbrushing
We need to brush our teeth to get rid of food and bacteria
We need to brush twice a day
Before bed and in the morning
Before bed is the most important so that bacteria cannot cause decay while you are asleep

34. Toothbrushing
We need to brush our teeth to get rid of food and bacteria
Brush every tooth, drawing little circles as we go
Brush the insides and outsides of our teeth
Brush for at least 2 minutes
Spit out the toothpaste but do not rinse with water

35. Plaque activity and worksheet
Toothbrushing
Where does plaque mainly build up?
Plaque activity and worksheet

36. Toothbrushing Where does plaque mainly build up?
Plaque mainly collects;
At the gum margin, where the tooth meets the gum
In between the teeth
In the fissures of the teeth (the little valleys on the top of the teeth)

37. Toothbrushing practical Toothbrushing advice sheet
We need to brush our teeth to get rid of food and bacteria
Toothbrushing practical
Toothbrushing advice sheet
to take home

38. The key ingredient in toothpaste is FLUORIDE

39. The key ingredient in toothpaste is FLUORIDE
Fluoride makes teeth stronger
Fluoride adds itself to the surface of your teeth to make them harder
Fluoride can harden early holes in your teeth to stop tooth decay

40. The key ingredient in toothpaste is FLUORIDE

41. Fluoride
When bacteria use sugar to make acid, the acid removes calcium from the surface of the tooth.
If bacteria have caused a small hole of decay to form in the enamel shell of a tooth, fluoride can replace the lost calcium to harden the surface of the tooth and stop the decay from breaking through the enamel.
Fluoride

42. The key ingredient in toothpaste is FLUORIDE
Video; Eggsperiment

43. Eggsperiment practical and worksheet
Toothpaste
The key ingredient in toothpaste is FLUORIDE
Eggsperiment practical and worksheet

44. After brushing, spit out the toothpaste BUT do not rinse with water.
This leaves a little bit of toothpaste in your mouth so that the fluoride can keep protecting your teeth.

45. The worst things for our teeth are SUGAR and ACID
Diet
The worst things for our teeth are SUGAR and ACID
Bacteria use SUGAR to cause tooth decay.
E.g. Sweets, fizzy pop, chocolate
Foods with lots of ACID can damage our teeth by softening the surface and gradually washing away the enamel.
E.g. Diet fizzy pop, vinegar, orange juice
Lots of fruits contain sugar and acid which is not great for you teeth but very good for you. Fruits and vegetables are an important part of a balanced diet.

46. Which foods are healthy?
Which foods are bad for us?
Which foods are healthy?
Which foods are bad for us?

47. Diet Activity; Class discussion Which foods are healthy?
Which foods are not?
Which foods have the most acid?
Food pictures available to print

48. Diet
Diet
Healthy foods
Healthy foods
Unhealthy foods
Unhealthy foods

49. Sugar causes tooth decay
Diet
Sugar causes tooth decay
It’s okay to have a treat sometimes
But if you continuously have sugar, bacteria can continue to attack your teeth
You must not have frequent snacks with sugar
The best time to eat sweet foods is at meal times

50. Sugar causes tooth decay
Diet
Sugar causes tooth decay
If you keep having SUGAR then bacteria keep making ACID.
And if you keep having sugar, that gives the acid TIME to cause TOOTH DECAY.

51. Activity; Class discussion Pupils’ personal diet diaries
Example diet diaries
See next slide for example questions

52. Diet diary; example questions
Which character has the healthiest diet?
What are the benefits of this healthy diet?
Who has the least healthy diet?
What problems could this diet cause? (Think about their teeth but also general health.)
Which foods will affect your teeth?
If you are going to have a sugary food, when is the best time to have it?
When and how should you care for your teeth?
What advice would you give each person?
What do you think of your own diet diary?
What did you eat that was healthy?
What did you eat that was unhealthy?

53. What does your dentist do?
You and the Dentist
What does your dentist do?
Counts your teeth
Checks for tooth decay
Shows you how to protect your teeth
You should go to your dentist ever 6 months

54. Dental Treatments Fissure Sealants
The pointy bits of your tooth are called ‘cusps’. The little valleys of your teeth are called ‘fissures’.
Fissures can be very hard to keep clean and deep fissures can be impossible.
Sometimes your dentist will need to seal your fissures to keep bacteria out and make it easier to clean the tooth.

55. Dental Treatments Fissure Sealants This is very simple to do.
The tooth needs to be washed and cleaned.
The tooth is dried.
Finally the sealer is flowed into the fissure and set.

56. Dental Treatments Filling
If decay has broken through the enamel, it will continue to grow and damage the tooth.
The decay needs to be removed. It is carefully scooped out of the tooth.
The cavity that is left is then filled to make the tooth complete again.
Decay in a tooth
Filling
Decay is removed

57. method sheet and worksheet
You and The Dentist
What does your dentist do?
Activity; Be a dentist
method sheet and worksheet

58. What have we learned? About our teeth? About tooth decay?
About caring for our teeth?
About food?
About the dentist?