1. Title: Anat & Phys 4/11/07 Objectives: Class Topics . Heart physiology
11/11/2018
Title: Anat & Phys 4/11/07
Objectives: .
Class Topics
Heart physiology
Heart dissection
Notes – blood vessels
“The nice part about being a pessimist is that you are constantly being either proven right or pleasantly surprised.”
George Will
Sunday, November 11, :20 PM

2. Class Assignments Heart coloring 4/11/07 Heart coloring W.S. 4/13/07
11/11/2018
Class Assignments
What
By When
Heart coloring 4/11/07
Heart coloring W.S. 4/13/07
Heart test 4/13/07
Due this class period
Due next class period
Due in the future

3. 11/11/2018
Heart Physiology
Each beat is stimulated by an area in the right atrium near the superior vena cava called the Sinoatrial Node (SA Node).
SA Node is innervated by the autonomic nervous system
Pacemaker of the heart
Stimulates both atria to contract

4. 11/11/2018
Heart Physiology
SA Node sends impulse to the AV (atrioventricular) Node.
Located in the interatrial septum
Holds impulse for a short time (milliseconds) and passes electrical impulse to AV Bundle (Bundles of His)
AV Bundles passes impulse to Purkinje fibers which stimulates the ventricles to contract

5. FromL http://www.personal.dundee.ac.uk/~jrelliot/HTML1/heart.htm
11/11/2018
FromL

6. Cardiac Cycle 1st stage 2nd stage 3rd stage Atrial Systole
11/11/2018
Cardiac Cycle
1st stage
Atrial Systole
Atrial contractions
2nd stage
Ventricular Systole
Ventricular contractions
“lub”
3rd stage
Diastole
Both chambers relax (atria fill with blood)
“dub”

7. 11/11/2018
Sound
Electric
Activity

8. Heart Sounds “Lub” “Dub” AV valves closing (tricuspid and mitral)
11/11/2018
Heart Sounds
“Lub”
AV valves closing (tricuspid and mitral)
“Dub”
Semilunar valves closing

9. Lab Dissect the pig heart look for the following atria ventricles
11/11/2018
Lab
Dissect the pig heart
look for the following
atria
ventricles
trace the blood flow
chordae tendinae
papillary muscles
valves

10. Blood vessels Artery Arteriole
11/11/2018
Blood vessels
Artery
thick walled, can contract, moves blood away from heart
Arteriole
smaller lumen than arteries, source of vasoconstriction and vasodilation

11. Blood vessels Capillary Venule Vein - 65% of blood at any time
11/11/2018
Blood vessels
Capillary
microscopic size, thin walled - for diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport
Venule
small lumen, gain size closer to heart
Vein - 65% of blood at any time
thick walled (not as thick as artery), larger lumen than artery, internal valves to avoid pooling

12. 11/11/2018
From:

13. 11/11/2018
Capillary beds Fig 13-14
What purpose do these serve in maintaining homeostasis?
From:

14. Circulatory Pathways Pulmonary circulation Systemic circulation
11/11/2018
Circulatory Pathways
Pulmonary circulation
to lungs and back to heart
Systemic circulation
supplying blood to all systems and organs except lungs
All starts with the aorta

15. 11/11/2018
From:

16. 11/11/2018
From:

17. Branches of the Aorta Ascending aorta Arch of the Aorta
11/11/2018
Branches of the Aorta
Ascending aorta
Coronary arteries
supply blood to the heart
blockage can lead to myocardial infarction
Arch of the Aorta
Brachiocephalic artery
left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery

18. Branches of the Aorta Descending Aorta intercostal arteries
11/11/2018
Branches of the Aorta
Descending Aorta
intercostal arteries
celiac artery
superior mesenteric artery
suprarenal arteries
renal arteries
gonadal arteries
inferior mesenteric artery
common iliac arteries

19. Celiac Artery Branches into Gastric artery Hepatic artery
11/11/2018
Celiac Artery
Branches into
Gastric artery
Hepatic artery
Splenic artery
Pancreatic artery

20. From: http://www.personal.psu.edu/
11/11/2018
From:
faculty/s/x/sxd5/Arteries.gif

21. Common Iliac Arteries Internal iliac artery External iliac artery
11/11/2018
Common Iliac Arteries
Internal iliac artery
External iliac artery
Deep femoral artery
Femoral artery
Popliteal artery
Anterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery

22. Brachiocephalic Right common carotid artery Right subclavian artery
11/11/2018
Brachiocephalic
Right common carotid artery
External carotid artery - scalp, face, jaw
internal carotid artery - brain
Right subclavian artery
Vertebral artery (branch)
Axillary artery
Brachial artery
Radial artery
Ulnar artery

23. Left Common Carotid and Left Subclavian
11/11/2018
Left Common Carotid and Left Subclavian
Same branching as right side
No brachiocephalic

24. 11/11/2018
Systemic Veins
Superior vena cava drains the body superior to the heart
Inferior vena cava drains the body inferior to the heart
Coronary sinus drains the heart wall (myocardium)

25. Superior vena cava Right and left brachiocephalic veins
11/11/2018
Superior vena cava
Right and left brachiocephalic veins
subclavian veins
Axillary veins
Brachial veins
Ulnar veins
Radial veins
jugular veins
interior jugular vein
exterior jugular vein

26. Inferior vena cava Hepatic vein Renal veins Common Iliac veins
11/11/2018
Inferior vena cava
Hepatic vein
Renal veins
Common Iliac veins
Gonadal veins (rt enters the CI, but left enters the renal vein)
Internal iliac veins

27. Inferior Vena Cava External iliac veins Femoral veins
11/11/2018
Inferior Vena Cava
External iliac veins
Femoral veins
Great saphenous vein - longest in body
Popliteal
Posterior tibial vein
Anterior tibial vein

28. 11/11/2018
Hepatic Portal System
Blood from the small intestines, large intestines, stomach all enter the portal system
inferior mesenteric vein and superior mesenteric vein enter the hepatic portal vein to the liver

29. 11/11/2018
Blood movement
Trace the blood from the heart to the left arm and back to the heart.
Trace the blood from the heart to the right leg and back to the heart.
Trace the blood from the heart to the small intestine and back to the heart.
Trace the blood from the heart to the left gonad (this of course depends upon your gender) and back to the heart.

30. ACT Math Test Tips Each question is worth the same
11/11/2018
ACT Math Test Tips
Each question is worth the same
Skip the hard ones, answer all the easy ones
Use your test booklet
Scratch paper
organize your work to review answers
60 questions, 60 minutes
Answer all questions
Guesses have 20% chance of being right

31. Math Tests Work backwards Be familiar with your calculator
11/11/2018
Math Tests
Work backwards
Eliminate answers and plug in those that might work
Be familiar with your calculator
Don’t just assume your calculator is always right
Think!!!
Sample Problems