1. Chapter 5 Lesson 3 The Mauryas and the Guptas
By: Julianna Almas
Class of 2018

2. Social- development and transformation of social structures
Gender roles and relations:
Women in the Mauryan Dynasty were allowed to have jobs and married women were able to own land
Family and kinship:
Communities identified themselves by their cultural similarities
Social and economic classes:
In the Maurya and Gupta Empires they had the caste system (Priests, Rulers and warriors, Merchants and Landowners, Peasants and Servants, and Cleaners and Street sweepers)

3. Political- state building, expansion, and conflict
Political structures and forms of governance:
The Mauryas had a well organized empire
Empires were divided into provinces with a well founded government
In Northern India the Guptas became one of the most powerful political forces
Empires:
Each of the empires grew and shrunk as battles were won and lost
Regional, trans-regional, and global structures and organizations:
Because of maps and new trade routes they were able to trade with other nations more than ever before

4. Interaction between humans and the environment
Demography and disease:
Due to the trade routes people were exposed to new diseases
Migration:
As trade routes expanded people were more mobile than ever before
Patterns of settlement:
Along the trade routes; specifically the Silk Road
Technology:
Metalworking began to grow as well as new ideas in architecture

5. Cultural- development and interaction of cultures
Religions:
Buddhism and Hinduism
Belief systems, philosophies, and ideologies:
Hindus believed in the idea of Karma, Dharma, and reincarnation based on the Caste System
Buddhism believed in reincarnation represented by the Wheel of Life
Science and technology:
Helped establish astronomy
Founded that the Earth rotated on its axis
Developed tactics in metalworking (wootz)
Literature:
Hymns, stories, and songs praising gods (Vedas)
Both the Ramayana and the Mahabharata are great epic pomes
The arts and architecture:
Rock-cut caves, Buddhist stupas, and stone carved pillars

6. Economic- creation, expansion, and interaction of economic systems
Agricultural and pastoral production:
The Gupta Empire relied on agriculture as a primary substance and source of goods export
Trade and commerce:
The Kushān Empire was located on the Silk Road
The Gupta Empire traded with China
Labor systems:
In Maurya land was a major income source for the Government
Industrialization:
The Maurya Empire organized taxation began to advance
The Gupta’s had a major textile industry (linen, wool, cotton, silk, calico)
Capitalism:
In the Kushān and the Gupta Empires free trade ruled; sailors and merchants traded with China and the Roman Empire