1. 7.2 Trade Spreads Indian Religions and Culture

2. Buddhism and Hinduism Change
Traditional Hindu and Buddhist Beliefs
Hinduism blends Aryan beliefs and other beliefs; polytheistic—believes in many gods.
To Buddhists, desire causes suffering, but suffering can be overcome.

3. Buddhism and Hinduism Change
A More Popular Form of Buddhism
Belief in bodhisattvas develops—potential Buddhas who save humanity
Mahayana sect—Buddhists accepting new doctrines of worship and salvation.
Theravada sect—Buddhists who follow original teachings of Buddha
Wealthy Buddhist merchants build stupas—stone structures over relics

4. Buddhist Denominations and Schools

5. A Buddha image from Nepal

6. A “stupa”

7. Buddhism and Hinduism Change
A Hindu Rebirth
Hinduism is remote from people by time of Mauryan Empire
Hinduism moves toward monotheism; gods are part of one divine force
Brahma—creator of the world
Vishnu—preserver of the world
Shiva—destroyer of the world

8. Brahma

9. Vishnu

10. Shiva

11. Achievements of Indian Culture
Literature and the Performing Arts
Kalidasa—poet and dramatist, one of India’s greatest writers
His skillful and emotionally stirring plays are still popular
Madurai writing accademies create literature; 2,000 Tamil poems survive
Drama and dance troupes gain popularity and travel widely

12. Achievements of Indian Culture
Astronomy, Mathematics, and Medicine
Ocean trade leads to advances in astronomy
Indian astronomers in Gupta Empire prove that the world is round.
Mathematicians develop the idea of zero and decimal system
Doctors write medical guides and make advances in surgery

13. The Spread of Indian Trade
India’s Valuable Resources
India has spices, diamonds, precious stones, and good quality wood

14. The Spread of Indian Trade
India’s Valuable Resources
India has spices, diamonds, precious stones, and good quality wood
Overland Trade, East and West
Trade routes called Silk Roads connect Asia and Europe
Indians build trading posts to take advantage of the Silk Roads

15. The Spread of Indian Trade
Sea Trade, East and West
Indian merchants carry goods to Rome by sea
Merchants trade by sea with Africa, Arabia, China, Southeast Asia

16. The Spread of Indian Trade
Effects of Indian Trade
Increased trade leads to rise in banking
Bankers lend money to merchants, careful of degree of risk
Increased trade spreads Indian culture to other places
Trade brings Hinduism, Buddhism to other lands