1. The American Revolution

2. Background on life in America
During the Age of Exploration, the British joined Spain, Portugal and the Dutch in the race for global power
The British began settling in North America, along with the Spanish and French, and established colonies
The first permanent colony was settled by the British in Jamestown, Virginia in 1607

3. Growth in the Americas
After the first settlement of Jamestown, several groups from Britain came over to settle in the New World
One major reason for settling was religious tolerance. Not all religious groups were accepted in the home countries.
Puritans
Quakers
Calvinists
Other Europeans wanted to leave the past behind and start a new life
Some others wanted to find riches in the new land

4. Control by the British
While the colonists lived in the United States, they were controlled by the King of England
They had to follow all British laws, fight for British interests and pay taxes to the British

5. The French and Indian War
1754 to 1763 war fought between the English and French over land in America.
Called the French and Indian War because the Huron helped the French in the war, and their enemy the Iroquois sided with the British.
Representatives from 9 colonies formed the Albany Congress and met in Albany, NY to discuss uniting to aid the British army. The Albany Plan was rejected.
The British won, but victory cost a lot of money.

6. Proclamation of 1763
Parliament (the British government) passed the Proclamation.
It forbid colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains.
Created to protect colonists from the Indians
Many colonists reacted with anger toward the Proclamation. They did not like being told what to do or where they could live.

7. Taxes French and Indian War cost a lot of money.
Parliament decided to tax to colonies to help pay for it.
The first tax was the Sugar Act of It placed a tax on molasses and sugar imported by the colonies.
Stamp Act of 1765 placed a tax on all printed material, such as newspapers and playing cards.
This tax upset the colonists even more.

8. No Taxation without Representation
The colonists claimed “no taxation without representation” because they were being taxed but had no vote in Parliament and had no say in how the colonies were being governed.
The colonists started a boycott, or a refusal to buy certain goods, from the British.

9. Sam Adams and the Sons of Liberty
Samuel Adams led the protests in Boston against the taxes.
He began a secret society called the Sons of Liberty.

10. Sons of Liberty
Used violence to scare off the tax collectors (tar and feathering).
Met as the Stamp Act Congress to organize a boycott.
The Stamp Act was repealed (to do away with) because of all the protests.

11. The Boston Massacre
Colonial men, led by Crispus Attucks, were shouting insults at the British soldiers.
They started throwing things, probably snow balls and rocks.
Someone yelled “fire” and the Red Coats (what the British soldiers were called) shot.
Five colonists, including Attucks, were killed. These were the first Americans killed for Independence.
Sam Adams started calling the incident the Boston Massacre. He used the incident to get more people angry at the British.

13. A Tax on Tea
Parliament began taxing tea. Tea was the most important beverage in the colonies.
The colonists decided to boycott all British tea.

14. The Boston Tea Party
Members of the Sons of Liberty dressed up like Mohawk Indians and boarded three British ships full of tea.
The colonists dumped all the tea into the harbor, about 90,000 pounds.
King George III was furious!

17. The Coercive Acts
Parliament passed these laws to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party.
Colonists called them the Intolerable Acts
The port of Boston was closed until the tea was paid for.
The Quartering Act was put into place which forced colonists to quarter, or house and supply British soldiers.

18. First Continental Congress
A group of important men met to discuss the crisis in the colonies.
Militias were set up. (citizen soldiers)

19. The “Shot Heard Round the World”
British soldiers in Boston were sent to capture the militias’ weapons.
Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Israel Bissell warned the colonists that, “The Red Coats are coming.”
British troops marched to Concord to capture colonial leaders and the ammunition and weapons that were stored there.
The first two battles of the American Revolution were fought at Lexington and Concord, when the American militia met up with British forces.

20. The Second Continental Congress
The Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia to discuss the next move of the colonists.
Appointed George Washington as commander of the colonial army.
War with Great Britain was imminent.
Declaration of Independence approved.

21. Common Sense
Pamphlet written by Thomas Paine was that encouraged colonists to fight for independence.
Independence “common sense” since colonists participated in local governments.
Common Sense was very influential because it was read by many people.

22. The Declaration of Independence
Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775
The colonists first needed to declare independence from Great Britain.
Committee appointed to discuss writing a response to the king: B. Franklin, J. Adams, T. Jefferson, R. Sherman, and R. Livingston
Thomas Jefferson, at the young age of 33, wrote the written response known as the Declaration of Independence.

23. Which document explained to King George that the colonists had the right to separate from England?
Declaration of Independence
Common Sense
Proclamation off 1763
Albany Plan

24. What is the BEST way for a government to raise revenue?
Ask for donations from other countries
Tax its citizens
Mine for more silver and gold
Borrow from a bank

25. Why were the battles of Lexington and Concord known as the "shot heard 'round the world? "
They were the closing battles of the French and Indian War.
They were the opening battles in the Glorious Revolution.
These battles led to Bacon's Rebellion.
They were the opening battles in the Revolutionary War.

26. Which document encouraged colonists to fight against England?
Declaration of Independence
Albany Plan
Common Sense
Proclamation of 1763

27. Who fought in the French Indian War?
French and Indians
British and Indians
French and British
Colonists and British

28. Which term explains why the colonists were unhappy with Parliament passing the Proclamation of 1763?
A. Mercantilism
B. Salutary neglect
C. Compact
D. Absolute monarchy

29. The Boston Massacre The Boston Tea Party The Edenton Tea Party
Which incident led to the first civilian death in the colonial movement toward revolution?
The Boston Massacre
The Boston Tea Party
The Edenton Tea Party
The Stamp Act Congress

30. What was the MAJOR purpose of the First Continental Congress?
to declare colonial independence
to solicit support from the French
to support the Stamp Act Congress
to respond to the Intolerable Acts and the growing issues in the colonies

31. What was significant about the Boston Massacre?
Increased tensions against the British
Five British solders died
First battle of the Revolutionary war
Increased taxes followed

32. Which colonial response had the greatest economic effect on Britain?
Tar and feathering
Protests
Forming secret societies
boycotts

33. How did the French and Indian War encourage the American Revolution?
It developed British respect for the colonial militia.
It ended the colonial fear of France and Spain.
It developed colonial alliances with Native Americans.
It increased the British need for revenue.

35. Assignment Choose one of the following people listed below.
Complete an “I Am” poem for the person you chose.
Your poem must summarize and evaluate the person and their involvement in the events leading to war.
Samuel Adams/Sons of Liberty – boycotts, Stamp Act Congress, Boston Tea Party
King George – Proclamation of 1763, taxation laws, Coercive Acts
Crispus Attucks and the Boston Massacre