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Medical School Histology Basics Blood
VIBS 289 lab Larry Johnson Texas A&M University
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Blood (definition and function)
Blood - fluid tissue composed of erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), and platelets suspended in blood plasma. Function of blood is the transportation of cells and fluid. RBC carry O2 to and CO from tissues.
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Blood Function of blood is transportation of cells and fluid.
WBC Immune defense for body. Plasma Nutrients to tissues. Waste from tissues. Proteins to hold water in plasma. Hormones and other informational mediators. Platelets Prevent loss of transportation.
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Peripheral blood HISTO 021 Erythrocytes Reticulocytes
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Reticulocyte Note ribosomes in the reticulocyte
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Polychromatophilic normoblasts
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Bone marrow 32583 Reticulocyte entering blood vessel Blood vessel
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White Blood Cells Neutrophil Eosinophil Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil
Lymphocyte Monocyte Basophil Lymphocyte Monocyte Lymphocyte Monocyte Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil
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White blood cells in blood
Eosinophil Neutrophil Basophil Lymphocyte Monocyte
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Slide 113 platelets Red blood cells Neutrophils Neutrophils
Large lymphocyte Lymphocyte Neutrophils Monocyte Slide 113
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SIZE OF HUMAN BLOOD CELLS
CELL/PLATELET SIZE ERYTHROCYTES µm LEUKOCYTES (WBC) % of WBC NEUTROPHIL µm 60-70% LYMPHOCYTE µm 25% MONOCYTE µm 5% EOSINOPHIL µm 2-4% BASOPHIL µm 0-1% PLATELETS µm
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Peripheral blood smear (Leishman-Giemsa)
110 110 Peripheral blood smear (Leishman-Giemsa) Monocyte Neutrophils Monocyte Neutrophils Neutrophils Lymphocyte Monocyte
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110 110 Peripheral blood smear (Leishman-Giemsa) basophil, eosinophil, and neutrophils Lymphocyte Neutrophils Basophil Neutrophils Neutrophils
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Peripheral blood smear (Leishman-Giemsa) eosinophil and neutrophil
110 Peripheral blood smear (Leishman-Giemsa) eosinophil and neutrophil platelets Red blood cells Eosinophil Neutrophil Eosinophil Neutrophil
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Peripheral blood smear (May-Grunwald-Giemsa)
113 Slide 113 Peripheral blood smear (May-Grunwald-Giemsa) Neutrophil Monocyte Lymphocytes Monocyte Lymphocyte
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Peripheral blood smear (May-Grunwald-Giemsa)
113 Peripheral blood smear (May-Grunwald-Giemsa) Monocyte Lymphocyte Monocyte Monocyte
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Peripheral blood smear (May-Grunwald-Giemsa)
Slide 113 Peripheral blood smear (May-Grunwald-Giemsa) Lymphocyte
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HISTO 021 HISTO x
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HISTO 021
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EM 8a EM 8c EM 8c illustrates an example of a basophil Note the neutrophils and eosinophils in EM 8a
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Cardiac stomach w/chronic infection
140 Cardiac stomach w/chronic infection Infection site Plasma cells
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Cardiac stomach w/chronic infection
140 140 Neutrophil Eosinophil
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EM 12b to observe organelle content differences in an immature and mature neutrophils – mature has more mature dumbbell-shaped granules EM 8f
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EM 8f Lymphocytes
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Note the relative paucity of cytoplasmic organelles and the high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio (EM 6)
Lymphocytes
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Large Golgi and many plasma membrane projects on monocytes. HISTO 021 Monocytes
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Large Golgi and many plasma membrane projects on monocytes.
432 Macrophages (Slide 432) lung EM 8f Monocyte HISTO 021 1 Blood monocytes differentiate into macrophages like those seen in the lungs
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Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 1 Erythropoiesis
Larry Johnson Texas A&M University
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Erythropoiesis Erythrocytes No nucleus and red cytoplasm Reticulocytes
No nucleus and blue - grey cytoplasm Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Dark, small, spherical nucleus blue – grey cytoplasm Darkening, fractured ,spherical nucleus and mixed pools of grey and blue cytoplasm Polychromatophilic erythroblasts Fractured, spherical nucleus and thin rim of dark blue cytoplasm Basophilic erythroblasts Uniformly light, spherical nucleus with thin rim of medium to dark blue cytoplasm Proerythroblasts
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McGraw-Hill Companies
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Erythropoiesis Proerythroblasts Erythrocytes Reticulocytes
Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Basophilic erythroblasts Polychromatophilic erythroblasts Erythropoiesis
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Bone marrow 32583 Reticulocyte entering blood vessel Blood vessel
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Bone marrow
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EM 12a Bone marrow
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Slide 112
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Bone marrow
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EM 8a marrow blood
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EM 12b
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EM 8b
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EM 8f
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EM 8b
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Lung with bronchi – macrophage
432 Lung with bronchi – macrophage 432
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432 Lung with bronchi 432
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Lung with bronchi 432
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EM 12c 32583
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Many illustrations in these VIBS Histology YouTube videos were modified from the following books and sources: Many thanks to original sources! Bruce Alberts, et al Molecular Biology of the Cell. Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, NY. Bruce Alberts, et al Molecular Biology of the Cell. Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, NY. William J. Banks, Applied Veterinary Histology. Williams and Wilkins, Los Angeles, CA. Hans Elias, et al Histology and Human Microanatomy. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY. Don W. Fawcett Bloom and Fawcett. A textbook of histology. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA. Don W. Fawcett Bloom and Fawcett. A textbook of histology. Chapman and Hall, New York, NY. Arthur W. Ham and David H. Cormack Histology. J. S. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, PA. Luis C. Junqueira, et al Basic Histology. Lange Medical Publications, Los Altos, CA. L. Carlos Junqueira, et al Basic Histology. Appleton and Lange, Norwalk, CT. L.L. Langley, et al Dynamic Anatomy and Physiology. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, NY. W.W. Tuttle and Byron A. Schottelius Textbook of Physiology. The C. V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO. Leon Weiss Histology Cell and Tissue Biology. Elsevier Biomedical, New York, NY. Leon Weiss and Roy O. Greep Histology. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, NY. Nature ( Vol. 414:88,2001. Arthur C. Guyton,1971.Textbook of Medical Physiology W.B. Saunders company, Philadelphia, PA WW Tuttle and BA Schottelius Textbook of Physiology C.V. Mosby Co. A.L. Mescher Junqueira’s Basis Histology text and atlas, 13th ed. McGraw
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The end of
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Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 1 Erythropoiesis
Larry Johnson Texas A&M University
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Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 1 Erythropoiesis
Objectives are to: Identify the developmental cells of erythropoiesis Characterize developmental changes in the cytoplasm and nucleus of these cells Bone marrow 32583 Blood vessel
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19761 Bone marrow Blood in vessel
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HISTO x
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HISTO x
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Erythropoiesis Erythrocytes No nucleus and red cytoplasm Reticulocytes
No nucleus and blue - grey cytoplasm Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Dark, small, spherical nucleus blue – grey cytoplasm Darkening, fractured ,spherical nucleus and mixed pools of grey and blue cytoplasm Polychromatophilic erythroblasts Fractured, spherical nucleus and thin rim of dark blue cytoplasm Basophilic erythroblasts Uniformly light, spherical nucleus with thin rim of medium to dark blue cytoplasm Proerythroblasts
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McGraw-Hill Companies
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Erythropoiesis Proerythroblasts Erythrocytes Reticulocytes
Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Basophilic erythroblasts Polychromatophilic erythroblasts Erythropoiesis
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Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Erythrocytes
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Erythrocyte Proerythroblast Reticulocytes Orthochromatophilic erythroblast Basophilic erythroblast Polychromatophilic erythroblast Erythropoiesis
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Polychromatophilic erythroblasts
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Erythrocyte Proerythroblast Reticulocytes Orthochromatophilic erythroblast Basophilic erythroblast Polychromatophilic erythroblast Erythropoiesis
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Basophilic erythroblast
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Erythrocyte Proerythroblast Reticulocytes Orthochromatophilic erythroblast Basophilic erythroblast Polychromatophilic erythroblast Erythropoiesis
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Proerythroblasts
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Erythropoiesis Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Erythrocytes
Reticulocytes
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Early orthochromatophilic
erythroblasts Late polychromatophilic erythroblasts
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Polychromatophilic erythroblasts
Early polychromatophilic erythroblasts
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Basophilic erythroblasts
Proerythroblasts
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ut 112 Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts RBCs Late polychromatophilic erythroblast Basophilic erythroblast platelets Polychromatophilic erythroblast Reticulocyte Eosinophil or basophil Erythrocytes Proerythroblast
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Bone marrow Reticulocyte entering blood vessel Blood vessel 32583
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The End of Hematopoiesis Simplified:
Part 1 Erythropoiesis
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Granulopoiesis is next
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Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 2 Granulopoiesis
Larry Johnson Texas A&M University
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Hematopoiesis Simplified:
Part 2 Granulopoiesis Objectives are to: Identify the developmental cells of granulopoiesis Characterize developmental changes in the cytoplasm and nucleus of these cells 32583 Bone marrow
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19761 Bone marrow Blood Blood
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` 32583 Bone marrow Developing granulocytes
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Peripheral blood 21
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Granulopoiesis Lobulated, dark nucleus,
mature grey cytoplasm with small granules Neutrophils Neutrophilic band or stab cells Horse-shoe shaped, darkening nucleus, grey mature cytoplasm Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Oval to kidney bean-shaped, indented nucleus, grey mature cytoplasm with a weak blue tent Large, oval, non-indented nucleus, large amount of cytoplasm with specific and non-specific granules Neutrophilic myelocytes Large, oval, non-indented nucleus, large amount of sky blue cytoplasm with non-specific granules Promyelocytes
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Granulopoiesis Neutrophils Promyelocytes Neutrophilic band cells
Neutrophilic metamyelocytes
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ut 112 Neutrophil Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Neutrophilic metamyelocyte Platelets Eosinophil or basophil Neutrophilic myelocytes
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Neutrophils Promyelocytes Neutrophilic band cells Neutrophilic myelocytes Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Granulopoiesis
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Neutrophilic metamyelocytes
112 Lymphocytes Unknown nuclei Neutrophilic myelocytes Promyelocyte Neutrophilic band cells Lymphocytes Neutrophilic myelocytes Neutrophilic band cells Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Neutrophilic band cell
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Neutrophilic band cells
Neutrophils Granulopoiesis
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Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Early neutrophilic metamyelocytes
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Neutrophilic myelocytes
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Late promyelocytes Promyelocyte
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Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Unknown nuclei Neutrophilic myelocytes Neutrophilic band cells Neutrophilic metamyelocytes Proerythroblast Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Orthochromatophilic erythroblasts Eosinophils or basophils
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Bone marrow White blood cell entering a blood vessel 32583 Blood
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The End of Hematopoiesis Simplified: Part 2 Granulopoiesis
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