1. Harbors and Ports
Engineering Geology – CE31FB2

2. PORTS
A port is a facility for receiving ships and transferring cargo. They are usually situated at the edge of an ocean, sea, river, or lake. Ports often have cargo handling equipment such as cranes (operated by longshoremen) and forklifts for use in loading/unloading of ships, which may be provided by private interests or public bodies

3. Manila Port

4. Port of Hamburg, Germany

5. Shanghai Port

6. Port of Piraeus, Greece

7. Port of Haifa, Israel

8. Port of Barcelona, Spain

9. Port of Busan, Korea

10. Cargo Port in Hilo, Hawaii

11. Port of Montreal, Quebec

12. Types of Ports Inland port Fishing port Warm water port
Cruise home port
Port of call
Cargo port

13. Inland Port

14. Fishing port

15. Warm water port

16. Cruise home port

17. Port of Call

18. Cargo Port

20. Harbors
Is a place of security and comfort, a small bay or other sheltered part of an area of water, usually well protected against high waves and strong currents, and deep enough to provide anchorage for ships and other craft. It is also a place where port facilities are provided, e.g. accommodation for ships and cargo handling facilities.

21. 2 TYPES OF HARBORS
Artificial Harbors
Natural Harbors

22. Examples of Natural Harbors
New York Harbor in the United States
Subic Bay in Zambales, the Philippines
Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, United States
San Francisco Bay in California
Sydney Harbour in Australia

23. New York Harbor in the United States

24. Subic Bay in Zambales, the Philippines

25. Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, United States

26. San Francisco Bay in California

27. Sydney Harbour in Australia

28. Examples of Artificial Harbors
Port of Los Angeles in San Pedro, California, United States
Port of Houston, Texas, United States
Port of Long Beach, California, United States

29. Port of Los Angeles in San Pedro, California

30. Port of Houston, Texas, United States

31. Port of Long Beach, California, United States

32. Difference of Ports and Harbors
Location:
Port is located inside a Harbor
A Harbor cannot be located inside a port
Purpose:
Port : Use to load and unload cargo
Harbor : Provide shelter from the weather conditions

33. Offshore Constructions

35. OVERVIEW
Offshore construction is the installation of structures and facilities in a marine environment, usually for the production and transmission of electricity, oil, gas and other resources.

36. 2 MAIN CATEGORIES OF OFFSHORE STRUCTURES
Fixed steel structures
- Jacket
- Jack-up
- Compliant Tower
- Gravity based structure
- Monotower
Floating steel Structures
- Semi Submersible
- Tension Leg platform
- Spar

37. Jacket
These platforms are fixed and their deck is supported by a steel tubular structure having its feet on the seabed.

38. Jack- up
Jack-ups are rigs that can be jacked up above the sea using legs that can be lowered, much like jacks.

39. Compliant Tower
Compliant towers are similar to jacket platforms in that they have a steel tubular jacket that is used to support the surface facilities. Unlike jacket platforms, compliant towers yield to the water and wind movements in a manner similar to floating structures. Like fixed platforms, they are secured to the seafloor with piles.

40. Gravity based Structure
The gravity type support structure is normally a concrete based structure which can be constructed with or without small steel or concrete skirts.

41. without any workers, which has one leg.
Monotower
A Monotower
is an offshore 
platform 
without any workers, which has one leg.

42. Semi-submersible A semisubmersible
is designed with a platform-type deck that contains drilling equipment and other machinery supported by pontoon-type columns that are submerged into the water.

43. Tension Leg Platform
A type of floating production system, tension leg platforms (TLPs) are buoyant production facilities vertically moored to the seafloor by tendons. 

44. Spar
 A spar is a deep-draft floating caisson, which is a hollow cylindrical structure similar to a very large buoy.

47. Thank you for listening 
Prepared by :
Castillo, Marnelli
Verzosa, Pauline
Vasquez, Nikka
Thank you for listening 