1. Technology: The Human-Designed World

2. Introduction Design Technology
Solving problems with criteria and constraints
Technology
Product, system, or environment that results from design
New understanding or knowledge gained through design and production

3. Introduction (cont’d.)
Examples of items in our “designed world”

4. Design Professionals
Design professionals apply math, science, and aesthetics principles:
To create successful designs
Designs are created within constraints
Limits on time, money, and other resources

5. The Design Continuum

6. The Design Continuum (cont’d.)
Graphic designers
Most concerned with aesthetic principles
Industrial designers
Work to improve the function, value, and appearance of a product
Engineers
Use knowledge of physical principles to design products, systems, or environments

7. Design and the Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution began in England around 1750
Workers moved from a craft-based system to an industrial system
Resources required
Workers, food, energy, capital, and transportation

9. Engineering Societies
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Helped professionalize engineering in the U.S.
Helped establish engineering education

10. The American System American system of production innovations
Large-scale production for mass markets
Products made to precise design standards
Use of interchangeable parts
Expanded use of machine tools
Unskilled labor performing simple operations

12. Standardization Standards American National Standards Institute
Provide expectations for quality and compatibility of a material or product
American National Standards Institute
U.S. standard-making organization for products, services, processes, and systems

13. Greatest Engineering Achievements of the 20th Century
Electricity
Automobile
Airplane
Water supply and distribution
Electronics

14. Greatest Engineering Achievements of the 20th Century (cont’d.)
Radio and television
Agricultural mechanization
Computers
Telephone
AC and refrigeration

15. Electricity in the 20th Century
Pioneers in electricity
Thomas Edison
Nikola Tesla
Charles Steinmetz
George Westinghouse

17. Engineering Careers Top engineering specialties Civil Mechanical
Industrial
Electrical/electronic
Computer

18. Science and Technology
Science seeks answers to questions about the natural universe
Technology seeks to solve problems and create solutions
Sometimes application comes before understanding the scientific principle

19. Impacts of Technology Four components of a technological system Inputs
Things that drive the system
Processes
Require energy, and sometimes material and information

20. Impacts of Technology (cont’d.)
Four components of a technological system (cont’d.)
Outputs
Results of the processes
Feedback
Information about the output “fed back” into the system to make corrections

21. Product Life Cycle

22. Ethics and Design Impacts of technology
Sometimes involve ethical dilemmas
Engineering society code of ethics
Describes members’ expected behavior

23. Technology and the Earth’s Resources
Technological choices impact:
Individuals
Society
The natural world
Designers, consumers, and government must balance trade-offs and risks of technological progress