1. Illustrate/ Draw model:
Select only one to illustrate

2. Heliocentric (Copernican) System
The word "helios" in Greek means "sun." Heliocentric means that the sun is at the center. A heliocentric system is one in which the planets revolve around a fixed sun.
Sun cented is what we believe today

3. Helio- continued
Thus Mercury, Venus, the Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn all revolve around the sun. The moon is the only celestial sphere in this system which revolves around the earth, and, together with it, around the sun.

4. Heliocentric (Copernican) System
Sun at center (heliocentric)
Uniform, circular motion
No epicycles (almost)
Moon orbited the earth, the earth orbited the sun as another planet

5. Heliocentric (Copernican) System
Planets and stars still on fixed spheres, stars don’t move
The daily motion of the stars results from the Earth’s spin
The annual motion of the stars results from the Earth’s orbit

6. Please Illustrate/ Pick one!
Draw one model

7. Our Solar System Our solar system is made up of: Sun Nine planets
Their moons
Asteroids
Comets
Meteoros

8. Inner Planets
The inner four rocky / Terrestrial planets. These planets have hard rock crusts, and dense rock and metal cores are:
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars

9. Mercury Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun.
Mercury rotates the Sun in only 88 days.
Mercury rotates very slowly on its axis with one day taking 58 Earth days.
Mercury barely has any atmosphere, but does have glaciers.
Called a morning star. This is because Mercury shines brightly in the early morning just before the sun rises. It has also been called an evening star for the same reason. Mercury is often visible for a brief period of time just after the Sun sets.

10. Venus
Sister planet to Earth Size and structure is VERY similar to Earth, often called "Earth's Twin"
Has no moons or rings
Hot, thick atmosphere
Brightest object in sky besides sun and moon (looks like bright star)
Covered with craters, volcanoes, and mountains

11. Earth Third planet from sun
Only planet known to have life and liquid water
Atmosphere composed of composed of Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), and other gases (1%).

12. Mars Fourth planet from sun
Appears as bright reddish color in the night sky Called "the Red Planet" because it surface is covered with iron oxide- RUST! Proves that Mars once had free oxygen molecules in its atmosphere.
Surface features volcanoes and huge dust storms
Has 2 moons: Phobos and Deimos

13. Outer Planets
A gas giant (sometimes also known as a jovian planet after the planet Jupiter, or giant planet) is a massive planet with a thick atmosphere of hydrogen and helium
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune

14. Jupiter Largest planet in solar system Brightest planet in sky
60+ moons, 5 visible from Earth
Strong magnetic field
Giant red spot
Rings have 3 parts: Halo Ring, Main Ring, Gossamer Ring

15. Saturn 6th planet from sun
Seven thin, flat rings not solid but made up of particles of ice, dust and rocks
31 moons
Largest moon, Titan,
Easily visible in the night sky
A lightweight planet and it spins so fast
Voyager explored Saturn and its rings.

16. Uranus 7th planet from sun Has a faint ring system 27 known moons
Covered with clouds
Sits and spins on its side with the north and south poles sticking out the sides.

17. Neptune
8th planet from sun
Discovered through math
7 known moons
Triton largest moon
Storm called the "Great Dark Spot" because it appears as a dark oval shape on the surface of the planet.
Great Dark Spot thought to be a hole, similar to the hole in the ozone layer on Earth

18. Pluto our dwarf
Pluto, the outermost planet, is a small, icy "dwarf planet“ it is smaller than the Earth's Moon.

19. Pluto 9th planet from sun (usually) Never visited by spacecraft
Orbits very slowly
Moon, Charon, is very close to Pluto and about the same size
Is this really a planet? Why or Why not?

20. Draw and label this picture! Comet- chunks of ice and dust
Has an elliptical orbit around Sun
Has a head (nucleus and coma) and tail.
Tail always points away from sun.
Tail becomes brighter as it gets closer to the sun because of increase heat/radiation.
Tail points away from sun because of the radiation/solar wind. Imagine standing in the wind outside. Your hair will always blow in the same direction the wind is blowing.
Draw and label
this picture!

21. Comets: Orbit

22. In Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter
Asteroids-
Larger chunks of rock
Vary in size and shape
In Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter
Revolve around sun in 3-6 years
Can accidentally get “out” of normal orbit. Scientists monitor this and its likeliness of coming in contact with Earth.
“Armaggedon- The Movie? Ben Affleck” Any other movies??

23. Asteroids: Illustrate /draw
Pick one image to illustrate?

24. Meteoroids- smaller chunks of rock and dust in space.
1. randomly move about space ; no specific orbit
2. come from remains of comets and asteroids
Meteor- a meteoroid that burns in the atmosphere- produces a streak of light.
nickname: “Shooting star”
Which can reach the earth? Explain how?
MeteoriTe- a meteoroid that doesn’t burn up in the Earth’s atmosphere. It Touches Earth.