1. Educating the Masses
Why does control of education help totalitarian regimes become successful? How is education controlled in the U.S.?

2. 14.3 – Imperial China Collapses

3. China’s Past 1800’s – China struggles against imperialism
Ex: British opium trade, Japanese imperialism
Nationalists in China want to shed imperial rule and become modern
Their vision = modern, independent China that is proud of its traditions

4. Nationalists Overthrow the Emperor
The Nationalist Party and its leader Sun Yixian (soon-yee-she-an) grow in power
In 1911, overthrow the Qing Dynasty (ruling since 1644)
Sun has 3 Principles:
End foreign control
Democracy
Economic security

5. WWI Hits
Before the war, the Nationalist party loses control to rebel warlords & military leaders
Hope to regain territory and freedom from the Europeans after WWI
Instead, Treaty of Versailles gives territory to Japan

6. The May 4th Movement Outraged at the Treaty of Versailles
Workers, students, professionals demonstrate in public squares
Call for new culture, modernity
But this time, less democratic ideas, more communist support

7. Rise of Chinese Communism
Mao Zedong – leader of Chinese Communist Party
Wants to start a revolution among rural peasants
Lenin sends aid to the Chinese Communists
BUT, Nationalists are still in power, becoming less popular

8. Civil War Erupts
Chiang Kai Shek is Nationalist leader, but he does not live up to democratic ideals
Nationalists and Communists begin to clash, peasants join communists
Nationalist troops try to push Communists out with troops and gangs

9. The Long March Communists retreat to the mountains, appeal to peasants
Nationalists send 700,000 men to the mountains
Communists attempt to escape, journey is called “the Long March”
While the Chinese fight, the Japanese decide to invade