1. Energy Notes
Page 3
©Mark Place,

2. What’s the difference between kinetic and potential energy?
Energy Transfer
What’s the difference between
kinetic and potential energy?
Give a real-life example of each.

5. THROWING A BOWLING BALL WATER FLOWING IN A RIVER
Kinetic Energy
energy in motion
EXAMPLES
SKIING DOWNHILL
THROWING A BOWLING BALL
WATER FLOWING IN A RIVER

6. Potential Energy
stored energy
EXAMPLES
AT THE TOP OF A SKI SLOPE
WATER BEHIND A DAM

7. What are the three ways that energy can be transferred
between objects?
Give one real-life example
of each.

8. Example: occurs in _____________ ________________of molecules
conduction
solids
occurs in _____________
________________of molecules
collision
Example:

9. differences in density
convection
liquids & gases
occurs in _____________________
caused by ____________________
differences in density

10. convection examples:

11. From where do convection ovens heat? From the top or the bottom?
refrigerators cool?
From the top or the bottom?

12. travel by _____________
radiation
waves
travel by _____________
Examples:

13. How are different types of
energy told apart?
by their wavelengths
Which is more powerful?
Short or long waves?
short

15. How does energy get from
the Sun to the Earth?
radiation

16. Best Absorbers
dark & rough
Best Reflectors
light colored & smooth

17. A good absorber
is a good
RADIATOR

18. Energy NOTES
©Mark Place,

21. Temperature Conversion
Fill in the chart below using your Earth Science Reference Tables.
Fahrenheit
(°F)
Celsius
(°C)
Kelvin
(K) 30
330 -1
272 86
303
135 57

22. Describe the word TEMPERATURE in relation to molecular motion.
Temperature Conversion
Describe the word TEMPERATURE
in relation to molecular motion.
Cold
Hot

23. At absolute zero, all motion stops. 0oK -273°C -459°F
Temperature Conversion
What happens to molecular motion
at absolute zero? What temperature
is this in all temperature scales?
At absolute zero, all motion stops.
0oK
-273°C
-459°F

24. the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of
Specific Heat
the amount of energy required
to raise the temperature of
1 gram of a substance 1°C
Please go to Page 1 of the
Earth Science Reference Tables.

25. Why does water heat up and cool it has a higher specific heat
down slower than land?
it has a higher specific heat

26. the lead because it has a lower specific heat
If you heated equal masses of
basalt and lead, which one would
record a faster increase in
temperature? Explain how you know.
the lead
because it has a lower specific heat

27. Which Earth material has the greatest specific heat?
liquid water

28. Electromagnetic Energy can be:
Reflected
Refracted
Transmitted
Scattered

29. Reflected
Reflection:
Bounced back

30. Refracted
Refraction
Bent

31. Transmitted
Transmission
Pass through unchanged

32. Reflected, Refracted and Transmitted
Scattered
Reflected, Refracted and Transmitted

33. 100 Units 19 Units 6 Units 20 Units 4 Units 51 Units
Incoming Solar Radiation
100 Units
Absorbed by atmosphere and clouds
19 Units
Scattered by atmosphere
6 Units
Reflected by clouds
20 Units
Reflected from Earth’s surface
4 Units
Absorbed at Earth’s surface
51 Units

34. Heating Curve for Water
Draw the graph of water heating. Label the following terms in their correct places: condensation, vaporization, solidification, melting.
Heat lost
vaporization
(+2260 J/g)
gas
100
condensation
( J/g)
melting
(+334 J/g)
liquid
Temperature (oC)
solidification
(-334 J/g)
solid
Heat added

35. 2260 2260 334 334 Check the box which describes whether energy
is gained or lost for each process.
Process
Energy Gained
Energy Lost
Condensation
Evaporation
Melting
Solidification
How many Joules per gram (J/g) are gained or lost
by water for each of the following processes?
Process
Joules / gram Gained
Joules / gram Lost
Condensation
Evaporation
Melting
Solidification
2260
2260
334
334