1. Monuments of Civilization
A look at the great achievements of architecture from past and present

2. Why study monuments?
to learn about the culture and belief systems of past civilizations
learn from important technological developments to improve today’s buildings/structures
understand the role monuments played in the daily lives of citizens throughout history and still today

3. Who builds monuments? slaves/cheap labour masons, brick layers
THEN
NOW
slaves/cheap labour
masons, brick layers
skilled tradesmen
general population
overseers, supervisors
heating and cooling technicians
supervisors, managers
brick and cement masons
carpenters
electricians
painters
plumbers, pipefitters
roofers

4. Introduction
architecture closely reflects the way humans live, and what we value.
our way of life is shaped by our physical, spiritual, and cultural environment – best exemplified by our buildings.
we can learn a lot about a civilization from their architecture. For example:
the unchanging nature of the Egyptians is reflected in the pyramids;
the energy of the jazz age erupts from New York’s Chrysler Building.

5. What is a ‘monument’? 1. From Latin ‘to remind’
2. Shows evidence of culture
3. Important Technological developments
4. Preserves the past
5. Shows what society values

6. How do we know if it is a monument? (6 Criteria)
Size – monuments are usually large
Time of construction – represents civilization at its’ height
Historic value – represents an important event/era/figure
Artistic and aesthetic value – exceptional workmanship and attention to detail is impressive
Symbolic value – has religious, cultural or national significance
Uniqueness – is a rare structure, a masterpiece, or one of a kind

7. Can you identify these monuments?

8. CN Tower Toronto, ON Interesting fact:
Was the world’s tallest free standing structure for 31 years
CN Tower Toronto, ON

9. Statue of Liberty New York City, USA
Interesting fact:
Donated by France it is considered a universal symbol for freedom and democracy

10. Stonehenge Salisbury Plains, London, England
Interesting fact:
Mysterious symbol of a sacred Druid ceremonial place
Salisbury Plains, London, England
Interesting fact:
Mysterious symbol of a sacred Druid ceremonial place
Stonehenge Salisbury Plains, London, England

11. The Acropolis Athens, Greece
Interesting fact:
Name means ‘high city’, and has stood for more than 2400 years!
The Acropolis Athens, Greece

12. What makes it AWE-INSPIRING?
Immense size
Exquisite beauty
Sophisticated construction

13. Your task: