1. THE SECOND LARGEST ERUPTION OF THE 20TH CENTURY
REMEMBERING THE HISTORIC ERUPTION OF MOUNT PINATUBO, THE PHILIPPINES JUNE 12, 1991
THE SECOND LARGEST ERUPTION OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Other Supercourse lectures on Volcanic eruption
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

2. MOUNT PINATUBO: QUIET FOR 450-500 YEARS BEFORE ERUPTING

3. VOLCANO HAZARDS (AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS)
VERTICAL PLUME
LAVA FLOWS
LATERAL BLASTS
LAHARS
EARTHQUAKES (related to movement of lava)

4. NATURAL HAZARDS FOR WHICH EVACUATION IS TYPICAL
FLOODS
GOAL: MOVE PEOPLE OUT OF HARM’S WAY
HURRICANES
HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR SAVING LIVES, BUT LOW BEMEFIT/COST FOR PROTECTING PROPERTY
TYPHOONS
TSUNAMIS
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
WILDFIRES

5. USGS US AIR FORCE PHILVOS
SOURCE OF PHOTOGRAPHS
USGS
US AIR FORCE
PHILVOS

6. MOUNT PINATUBO’S FIRST PRECURSORS OF THE ERUPTION

7. PHILVOS: MONITORING GROUND SWELLING (ANOTHER PRECURSOR)

8. MOUNT PINATUBO: VERTICAL PLUME REACHES 19 KM: JUNE 12

9. LOURDES DESTROYED BY LAHARS WITHIN HOURS AFTER THE ERUPTION

10. MOUNT PINATUBO BLOWS ITS TOP: JUNE 15, 1991

11. THE JUNE 15TH CALDERA COLLAPSE LOWERED PINATUBO’S ELEVATION 1,000 FT

12. LATERAL BLAST: 5:55 AM, JUNE 15

13. CARS COVERED WITH VOLCANIC ASH: JUNE 16

14. DC-10 AT CLARK AIR FORCE BASE COVERED WITH ASH: JUNE 17

15. CLARK AIR FORCE COVERED WITH ASH: JUNE 24

16. RIVER WIDENED BY LOCAL FLOODING AND LAHARS

17. The eruption ejected roughly 10 billion metric tons (10 cubic km) of magma, and 20 million tons of sulfur dioxide.

18. The eruption injected large amounts of aerosols into the stratosphere – more than any eruption since that of krakatoa in 1883.

19. Lahars that occurred immediately after the eruption, and rejuvenated during subsequent rainy seasons, have destroyed over 100,000 homes.

20. Global temperatures dropped by about 0.5 degree C.