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Plant Science Chapter #1
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Civilization In the beginning, Nomads followed herds of animals and gathered food. When they discovered that they could seed grain and harvest it, they no longer needed to follow a food source. This allowed people to live in one place, thus the beginning of civilization.
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Origin of Grain Wheat = Egypt, Iran, Turkey Corn = Mexico Explorers would bring wheat to North America, and return with corn.
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Plants as a Food Factory
Green plants are the only living things capable of Photosynthesis (using energy from sun to make sugar)
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How will we provide food for a growing planet?
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World population: 1978 = 4 billion population growns 200,000/day
60-80% of deaths in world are from undernutrition or malnutrition average person needs 2200 Kilocalories per day half the world recieves less than 1500 Kilocalories
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Balanced diet meat and cereals North America = 35% meat, 40% cerial, 25% fruits/veg Asia = 10% meat, 75% cereal (rice)
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How can we produce more food?
increase number of acres in production 3 million acres per year taken out of production in the U.S. for residential and commercial use increase production per acre (Japan, Canada, Deserts, Jungles)
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How has production changed in America?
Civil War: 1 farmer produced enough food for his family (1:6) 1920 = 1:10 1970 = 1:50 1990 = 1: 70 1998 = 1:128 Corn production per acre doubled from 1940 to 1960 (hybrid corn & fertilizer) Research: colleges, USDA, Industry
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