1. Emily Reimert, Ryleigh Rosta and Tara Wussler
The Germ Theory
Emily Reimert, Ryleigh Rosta and Tara Wussler 

2. Overview
Microbiology
Germ Theory 
Important Figures

3. What is Microbiology Microbiology– The study of microorganisms
Includes Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes
Microorganism–Microscopic organism 
Bacteria, Algae, Fungus, NOT viruses  TW

4.       What is the Germ Theory?
The Germ Theory– The Scientific theory of disease
Diseases are caused by microorganisms
Invasion of a host
Pathogen– Microorganism causing an 
infectious disease TW

5. Why is the Germ Theory Important?TW
Advancing the medical field
Links hygiene and sanitation to bacteria
Prevents epidemics
Ex. Vaccinations

6. Important Figures Robert Koch (1905) Four Postulates– Microorganisms TW
Robert Koch (1905)  Four Postulates– Microorganisms    
specific relations to disease 
Ignaz Semmelweis 
(1847) –Puerperal Fever rates drop by handwashing
Louis Pasteur ( )- Disease controlled by sterilization 
Alexander Fleming (1923)–  The first antibiotic (Penicillin) 

7. Ignaz Semmelweis Discovered importance of handwashing
Identified cause of puerperal fever (childbed fever)
Advocated for use of antiseptics 
Related deaths decreased    ER

8. Semmelweis' Research Compared maternity clinics
One clinic = medical students & male doctors = higher death rate
Second clinic = female midwives = lower death rate 
Discovered people contract childbed fever  ER

9. Louis Pasteur Discovered germs cause sickness
Founded pasteurization process
Created vaccinations (Ex. anthrax and rabies) 
Founded method to detect silk worms ER

10. Pasteur’s Research Examined liquids like milk, wine, and vinegar
Found air-borne microbes polluted liquids 
Studied silk industry and dangers of silk worms
Found microbes could transmit diseases to humans ER

11. Robert Koch "Magic Bullets" attack specific bacteria
Noble Peace Prize Winner-  1905
 Tested on sheep
Stained bacteria for easy visibility
Causes of tuberculosis and cholera  RR

12. Koch's Postulates Pathogens are found in sick organisms
Grown in laboratories for pure culture
Cultured pathogens cause original diseases
Injected pathogens are identical to host  RR

13. Alexander Fleming Created Penicillin – First Anti-Biotic
Discovery of lysosomes, destroys bacteria
Observed bacteria in petri-dishes
Nobel Peace Prize Winner – 1945 RR

14. Discovery of Penicillin
Plate of staphylococcus left uncovered
  accidental discovery
Noticed a mold killed bacteria
Mold - penicillium notatum 
February 14th, 1929 discovery is released RR

15. Which one is NOT a microorganism?
A- Bacteria B- Fungus C- Algae D- Virus D

16. What is a pathogen?
A- microorganism causing an infectious disease B- a type of vaccine C- an antibody D- a germ A

17. What did Semmelweis discover the importance of ?
A- Silk Worms B- Microbes C- Chlorine D- Handwashing D ER

18. Pasteur created a vaccination for …
A- Smallpox B- Anthrax C- Childbed Fever D- Silk Worm Diseases B ER

19. Koch found the cause of…
A- Tuberculosis B- Plague C- Yellow Fever D- Ebola A

20. What was considered the 1st Antibiotic?
A- Staphylococcus B- Anthrax C- Penicillin D- Lysosomes C

21. Summary
Microbiology
Germ Theory 
Important Figures