1. سلامت

2. سلامت روان
ادراك
فكر
حافظه
استدلال

3. تقابل فرد با محيط كار
همكاران
ماشينها
روند كار
مديريت
محيط

4. افسردگيDepression فقدان حس لذت اختلال خواب اختلال گوارشي اختلال ايمني
افكار منفي

5. Anxiety اختلال خواب اختلال گوارشي اختلال قلبي عروقي اختلال فكر
اختلال حافظه

6. اختلالات شخصيت شخصيت بد بين شخصيت مرزي شخصيت ضد اجتماعي
شخصيت خود شيفته
شخصيت وابسته

7. STRESS ?

8. استرس
توانايي
نيازها
اهميت

10. Human performance curve
Exhausted
fatigueed
performance
S t r e s s
collapsed
stimulated
Bored

11. Demand control model Job demands Control Low strain Active High
Low High
High
Control
Low
Low strain
Active
High
strain
Passive

12. Occupational Stressors
Time demands:
Over time , Shift work , work schedule
Machine pacing , Piece work
Task structure :
Lack of control , Skill under utilization
Physical conditions :
Physical or toxic hazards
Ergonomic hazards
Organization :
Role ambiguity , Role conflict , Rivalry

13. Modifiers
Modifier is an individual characteristic such as coping style or environmental factor such as social support that may act on each stage of the stress process to produce individual variation in the stress response

14. Discussion - stress and pressure
Consider someone who is underexcessive
pressure and beginning to display signs of stress.
What characteristics and symptoms would indicate that they were stressed?

15. Mental • Phobias • Anxiety • Panic • Compulsion • Addiction • Paranoia
• Depression

16. Physical Gastritis • Irritable bowel • Peptic ulcers • Asthma
• Headaches
• Hypertension
• Skin rashes

17. Behavioural Critical Humourless Indecisive Moody Negative Aggressive
Withdrawn

18. Lessons from successful claims
• Failure to recognise signs of stress
• Failure to respond to problems
• Inadequate management framework
• Lack of communication channels
• Inadequate support infrastructure
• Inconsistency of approach

19. Stress management • Encourage managers to have an open attitude
• Provide skills, training and resources
• Provide scope for varying working conditions
• Treat people fairly and consistently
• Ensure good two-way communication

20. – 85% of employees indicate they:
• are able to cope with the demands of their job
• have a say about, and some control over, the
way they do their work
• receive adequate information and support from
their colleagues and managers

21. – 65% of employees indicate they:
• are not subjected to unacceptable behaviour,
such as bullying, at work
• understand their role and responsibilities
• believe that the organisation engages them
frequently during organisational change

22. Stress risk assessments
Demands:
‘I am able to cope with the demands of my job.’
1. Often
2. Sometimes
3. Seldom
4. Never/almost never

23. Control:
‘I am able to have a say over the way I do my work.’
1. Often
2. Sometimes
3. Seldom
4. Never/almost never

24. Support:
‘I believe that I receive adequate support and information
from my colleagues and superiors.’
1. Often
2. Sometimes
3. Seldom
4. Never/almost never

25. Relationships:
‘I am subjected to unacceptable behaviours (e.g. bullying) at
work.’
1. Often
2. Sometimes
3. Seldom
4. Never/almost never

26. Role:
‘I understand my role and responsibilities within the
organisation.’
1. Often
2. Sometimes
3. Seldom
4. Never/almost never

27. Change:
‘The organisation engages staff frequently when undertaking
organisational change.’
1. Often
2. Sometimes
3. Seldom
4. Never/almost never

28. Causes of work-related stress
• Lack of personal control
• Prolonged pressure to perform
• Conflicting demands
• Continuous threat of aggression
• Ill defined work roles
• Poor working relationships
• Poor communication
• Insecurity
• Excessive workload through staff reductions
• Excessive working hours