1. Virtual Reality: Past, Present, Future
Autumn Verellen

2. What is Virtual Reality?

3. The Past Virtual Reality in 21st Century Panoramic Painting
First Flight Simulator
Virtual Reality Born
Nintendo Virtual Boy
Stereoscopic Photos
First Head Mounted Display
SEGA glasses
The Matrix Movie

4. Medical Procedures Mr. Armbruster:
Broken arm and would like to get well
He goes to see a doctor
Use of X-ray shows the break
The doctor can then confirm
The break is then casted
Later X-rays show a healing

5. Medical Procedures Ms. Bauer: Extreme stomach pains
Makes an appointment for ultrasound
The doctor uses multiple viewpoints
Comes to a diagnosis
Diagnosis is then treated
Ultrasounds confirm treatment worked

6. Cardiology Procedures
Training can be very time consuming
Surgeons must spend time training individuals for many years one on one
Simulations of electrophysiology used in training
Reliant on the use of ultrasound and X-ray pictures
Catheter insertion simulation is used in practice today
Capable of recording processing time
Passes information to the navigation
Updates information about user interactions

7. Benefits Surgeons hone their knowledge and train quickly
Surgical training is expensive and high pressure
Rapidly gaining public recognition
Ability to train a pilot in a simulator to operate high risk machine
Optimal posture
Accurately pick up utensils with appropriate instruments
Placing utensils in relation with the tissue
Accuracy of stitches
Pace of surgery

8. Figure 3. Graph of Benefits of VR Simulators. Source: Konge, L
Figure 3. Graph of Benefits of VR Simulators. Source: Konge, L., Clementsen, P. F., Ringsted, C., Minddal, V., Larsen, K. R., Annema, J. T. (2015). Simulator training for endobronchial ultrasound: A randomized controlled trial. European Respiratory Journal, 46(4),

9. Immersion of Users
Still commonly viewed as an element of science fiction
User must be able to block out the outside world
Immersion depends on vividness
Breadth of Information achieved through collaboration of multiple media
Computer must track movement and generate the sensory data
Machine will be able to respond to spoken commands

10. Device Improvements
Current quality is increasing constantly, but not accurate enough
LCD screens must be improved
Large projection screens can be used for better quality
Tracking technology has many limitations
The ideal tracker is small and lightweight
The user’s movement should be unbound
Every input device should serve as an output device
Allow users to perform manipulation tasks