1. <month year>
doc.: IEEE c
January, 2006
Project: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [Characterization and modeling of the 60 GHz indoor channel in the office and
residential environments ]
Date Submitted: [12 January 2006]
Source: [P. Pagani, N. Malhouroux, I. Siaud, V. Guillet, Wei Li ] Company [France Telecom Research and Development Division]
Address [4 rue du Clos Courtel, BP 91226, F Cesson Sévigné, France]
Voice:[], FAX: [], []
Re: [The detailed data could be found in c]
Abstract: [This contribution presents a measurement-based analysis of the characteristics of the propagation channel at 60 GHz and provides inputs for a channel model based on typical measurement files.]
Purpose: [Contribution to IEEE c Channel Modeling sub-group]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P
P. Pagani, France Telecom
Tony Pollock, NICTA

2. January, 2006
Characterization and modeling of the 60 GHz indoor channel in the office and residential environments
P. Pagani, N. Malhouroux, I. Siaud, V. Guillet, Wei Li
Contact: Wei Li
P. Pagani, France Telecom

3. Outline Motivation Propagation experiments Path loss analysis
<month year>
doc.: IEEE c
January, 2006
Outline
Motivation
Propagation experiments
Path loss analysis
Wideband characterization
Tapped delay line models
Conclusion
P. Pagani, France Telecom
Tony Pollock, NICTA

4. January, 2006
Motivation
Large amount of available spectrum in the millimeter wave frequency band
IEEE c Task Group currently studying possible solutions for High Data Rate WPANs operating at 60 GHz
Channel modeling sub-group designing a propagation model for link level simulations and system optimization
This contribution provides complete characterization and modeling of the 60 GHz channel
Experimental approach based on extensive sounding campaign and thorough wideband anaylsis
Research work performed within the European Commission FP6 integrated project MAGNET
P. Pagani, France Telecom

5. France Telecom propagation expertise
January, 2006
France Telecom propagation expertise
Channel measurement laboratory
Frequency domain and time domain wideband channel sounders
Large number of measurement campaigns for different frequencies (900/1800 MHz, 2 GHz, ISM and UNII bands, UWB, 60 GHz) in different environment (indoor, urban, rural, …) and different configurations (SISO, MIMO, …)
Simulation tools for propagation analysis
Propagation model based on ray-tracing and Uniform Theroy of Diffraction
Propagation models
Narrowband: GSM, DCS
Wideband: UMTS, WiFi, UWB, millimeter waves
P. Pagani, France Telecom

6. Personal Network concept
January, 2006
The IST MAGNET project
Personal Network concept
Flexible PHY and MAC layer for WPANs
Adaptive networks connected to WLANs, UMTS
Leadership of the cluster UWB-MC
Propagation studies :
The UWB versus WB
propagation modelling
(CEPD, MASCARAA, 3GPP2
Publications :
Magnet workshops
WWRF, ECPS, SEE
P. Pagani, France Telecom

7. Propagation experiments Channel sounding equipment
January, 2006
Propagation experiments Channel sounding equipment
Vector Network Analyzer measurements with 1024/528 MHz bandwidth around 60 GHz
Local measurements along a linear rail with λ spacing
3 types of vertically polarized horn antennas: 2 sectoral antennas (60° and 72° beamwidth) and 1 directive antenna (10° beamwidth)
P. Pagani, France Telecom

8. Propagation experiments Measurement environments 1/3
January, 2006
Propagation experiments Measurement environments 1/3
Residential environment: 100 m² apartment, LOS and NLOS situations
Tx: sectoral antenna
Rx: sectoral and directive antennas
P. Pagani, France Telecom

9. Propagation experiments Measurement environments 1/3
January, 2006
Propagation experiments Measurement environments 1/3
Pictures of the residential measurement environment, living room.
Pictures of the residential measurement environment, corridor with channel sounder.
P. Pagani, France Telecom

10. Propagation experiments Measurement environments 2/3
January, 2006
Propagation experiments Measurement environments 2/3 E3 R9
R11
R12
R10 E1 R1 R2 R3 R4
R24
Office 1 environment: office, corridor and conference room, LOS/NLOS
Tx: sectoral antenna
Rx: sectoral antenna
P. Pagani, France Telecom

11. Propagation experiments Measurement environments 3/3
January, 2006
Propagation experiments Measurement environments 3/3
Office 2 environment: office, laboratory and conference room, LOS/NLOS
Tx: directive antenna
Rx: sectoral antenna
P. Pagani, France Telecom

12. Propagation experiments Propagation scenarios
January, 2006
Propagation experiments Propagation scenarios
Parameter
Scenarios
Residential 1
Sectoral ant.
Residential 2
Directive ant.
Office 1
Office 2
Tx antenna beamwidth
60°
72°
10°
Rx antenna beamwidth
Tx antenna gain
13 dBi
8 dBi
24.6 dBi
Rx antenna gain
13 dBi°
Length of meas. run
150 mm (30 λ)
90 mm (18 λ)
Number of CIR per measurement run
76 (0.4 λ step)
60 (0.3 λ step)
Frequency bandwidth
1024 MHz
512 MHz
Maximum CIR delay
250 ns
500 ns
Relative delay resolution
0.97 ns
1.95 ns
P. Pagani, France Telecom

13. Path loss analysis Power attenuation examples 1/2: sectoral antenna
January, 2006
Path loss analysis Power attenuation examples 1/2: sectoral antenna
Measured path loss attenuation: Residential 1 scenario (sectoral ant.)
LOS configuration: attenuation similar to free space
NLOS configuration: more dispersed attenuation
P. Pagani, France Telecom

14. Path loss analysis Power attenuation examples 2/2: directive antenna
January, 2006
Path loss analysis Power attenuation examples 2/2: directive antenna
Measured path loss attenuation: Residential 2 scenario (directive ant.)
LOS configuration: attenuation close to free space
NLOS configuration: important dispersion due to squint antenna effect
P. Pagani, France Telecom

15. Path loss analysis Experimental results
January, 2006
Path loss analysis Experimental results
Results fitted to the theoretical expression:
Parameter
Scenarios
Residential 1
Sectoral ant.
Residential 2
Directive ant.
Office 1
LOS
NLOS n
1.53
2.44
1.73
N/A
0.56
PL(d0) (dB)
23.5
16.2
4.3
49.6
σS (dB)
1.5
6.2
1.6
1.2
Note: fitting procedure not applicable in some scenarios
P. Pagani, France Telecom

16. Wideband characterization Analyzed parameters
January, 2006
Wideband characterization Analyzed parameters
For each measurement location, the Average Power Delay Profile P(τ) is computed from a number N of locally measured Channel Impulse Responses hn(τ)
Wideband characteristics of the 60 GHz channel assessed by statistical analysis of selected selectivity parameters:
Delay spread στ
Coherence bandwidth at n% Bc,n%
Delay window at q% Wq%
Delay interval at p dB Ip dB
P. Pagani, France Telecom

17. Statistical results January, 2006 P. Pagani, France Telecom Scenario
Link
Percentile
Wideband parameters
στ (ns)
W90% (ns)
I 6 dB (ns)
I 12 dB (ns)
Bc,50% (MHz)
Bc,90% (MHz)
Residential 1
(sectoral antenna)
LOS
Q10
1.1
1.9
2.7
291.5 77
Q50
2.0
2.1
3.1
2.9
317.5
106
Q90
3.2
2.2
327
122.5
NLOS
3.3
2.8 3
30.5
6.5
7.1
17.2
12.2
101.5
12.5
11.8
34.4
14.8 33
297
84.5
Residential 2
(directive antenna)
0.5
318.5
118.5
0.7
322
126
1.5
323
126.5
1.8 35
5.5
6.3
11.3
11.2
216 19
13.4 37 34
319
117
Office 1
LOS / NLOS
2.5
3.5
4.5
74.5
169
37.5
8.5
19.5
7.0
15.5
206 62
Office 2
0.9
1.85
2.6
119
4.7
7.9
2.3
315.5 88
17.7
58.3
16.6
127
P. Pagani, France Telecom

18. Tapped delay line models Principle
January, 2006
Tapped delay line models Principle
All measurement files are characterised in terms of selectivity parameters
For each scenario, a typical measurement file is selected, for which the selectivity parameters are close to the mean values
Typical measurement files are hence representative of an average situation in a given scenario.
Measurement
set
Selectivity
Parameters
Analysis
Mean and
Standard
Deviation
File
Selection
Typical file
The selected files are then converted to a tapped delay line with non-uniform spacing
P. Pagani, France Telecom

19. Interface of Tapped Delay Line analysis tool
January, 2006
Interface of Tapped Delay Line analysis tool
P. Pagani, France Telecom

20. Small scale variations
January, 2006
Tapped delay line models Result examples 2/3: residential, sectoral antenna, LOS
Tap number
Delay (ns)
Relative power (dB)
Small scale variations 1
7.00
0.00
Rice 2
9.60
-12.20
Rayleigh 3
11.50
-28.10 4
14.00
-24.50 5
54.60
-28.00
P. Pagani, France Telecom

21. Small scale variations
January, 2006
Tapped delay line models Result examples 2/3: residential, directive antenna, NLOS
Tap number
Delay (ns)
Relative power (dB)
Small scale variations 1
26.20
-17.50
Rayleigh 2
30.20
-4.70 3
31.00
-1.00 4
32.60
-5.40 5
33.60
-9.80 6
34.80
-16.10 7
35.90
-10.10 8
37.70
-11.80 9
39.30
-8.30 10
41.00
-14.50 11
42.70
-21.40 12
44.50
-27.60 13
45.70
-28.90 14
48.20
-23.30 15
50.70
-24.30 16
52.00
-25.20 17
53.10 18
58.60
-20.20 19
62.00
-19.40 20
63.50
-25.00 21
78.00
-31.40 22
83.00
-33.70 23
86.00
-33.50
P. Pagani, France Telecom

22. Small scale variations
January, 2006
Tapped delay line models Result examples 3/3: office, directive antenna, LOS
Tap number
Delay (ns)
Relative power (dB)
Small scale variations 1
22.25
0.00
Rice 2
24.60
-15.30
Rayleigh 3
25.50
-7.50 4
28.00
-26.00 5
29.00
-30.30 6
31.50
-29.50 7
34.50
-34.50 8
38.00
-30.10 9
72.00
-25.20 10
76.00
-33.10 11
78.90
-33.30 12
82.00
-19.40 13
84.00 14
86.00
-25.70 15
88.00
-26.80 16
91.00
-24.50
P. Pagani, France Telecom

23. January, 2006
Conclusion
An extensive channel measurement campaign was presented for the indoor 60 GHz channel in the residential and office environments
In each environment, both sectoral and directive antennas were used, in LOS and NLOS configurations
Path loss parameters were extracted for a number of scenarios
Wideband characteristics were extracted through the analysis of selectivity parameters
For each identified scenario, a wideband channel model was provided in the form of a tapped delay line model based on a statistically typical measurement file
These models may be used for a realistic simulation of high data rate communication systems in the 60 GHz band
More Questions?
P. Pagani, France Telecom