1. Early Man

2. Pre-history—before writing
History—study of written records

3. AD=Anno Domini (in the year of our lord in Latin)
BC=before Christ
Dates go in reverse (255, 254, 253, etc)
AD=Anno Domini (in the year of our lord in Latin)
Dates go normally
BC/BCE
AD/CE
200
100
Jesus is born

4. Sources
Primary: 1st hand
(i.e. diary or letter)
Secondary: 2nd hand- person was not there
(i.e. textbooks)

5. Archaeologist- Study “stuff” (artifacts) left behind (pottery, tools, buildings, etc.)
Radio-carbon Dating
Only organic (once living) material
Measures Carbon 14 left in material

6. 1974—Dr. Donald Johanson discovered “Lucy”—pre-historic female skeleton
Bipedal
3.2 million years old

8. Australopithecus “Southern Ape”—more ape than human (Lucy)
4 million years ago
4 ft. tall
Small brain, flat nose, large teeth

9. Large Brained Hominids
Homo habilis 2 mya
“Handy Man”- tools
Homo erectus 1 mya
“Upright Man” - fire
Homo sapiens 200,000 ya
“Wise Man” - smart

10. Cue “Becoming Human” Prologue & Evidence

11. Homo sapiens East Africa 100,000-400,000 years ago
Migrated from Africa to Eurasia, Australia, & the Americas

12. Ice Ages allowed migration
Land bridges

14. Early humans were hunters-gatherers (depended on wild plants & animals)

15. Paleolithic Era (Old Stone Age)
500,000 BC – 8,000 BC
Nomadic
1st tools
FIRE
Lived in clans
Oral language
Cave art

16. Neanderthal Neander Valley, Germany 100,000 years ago Large brains
Thick bones
Muscular necks & shoulders
Hyoid bone

17. Cro-Magnon 40,000 years ago Looked like us
35,000 yrs ago Cro-Magnon replaced Neanderthal

18. Homo sapiens—Cro-Magnon
Excellent toolmakers
Knife
Chisel
Bone fish hooks
Bone needles
Stone axe
Canoe—allowed for transportation and trade
Bow & arrow

19. Neolithic Era (New Stone Age)
8,000 BC- 3,000 BC
Domesticated plants=AGRICULTURE
Domesticated animals
Farming allowed humans to settle down & create civilizations

20. Civilization
Produce food surplus
Establish towns
Establish governments

21. Neolithic Revolution Specialization of labor Loom —weaving
Wheel —transportation
Brick—buildings
Metal work—weapons, tools, jewelry
Calendars—planting & harvesting times
Religion

22. Neolithic Revolution Early villages developed near rivers
Different areas grew different crops
Asia—rice
North/Central America—corn (maize)
South America—potatoes
Middle East—wheat and barley

23. How can we tell this depicts the Neolithic Era?

24. Fertilizers (fish or manure) Irrigation
Neolithic Revolution
Plow
Bronze (copper + tin)
Fertilizers (fish or manure)
Irrigation

25. Stonehenge
Site in England that was begun during the Neolithic and completed during the Bronze Age.

26. Writing Invented by priests— keep track of offerings
Earliest writing—pictograms (marks & pictures)

27. Oldest prehistoric village-found in ancient Palestine (8000 B.C. )

28. c BC

30. Catal Huyuk Anatolia (Modern Day Turkey)
Walls enclosed 32 acres & 8,000 people
Largest Neolithic village