1. Rise and Fall of a Nation
U.S.S.R.
Rise and Fall of a Nation

2. Vladimir Lenin (1917 – 1924) N.E.P. (New Economic Policy)
Some elements of capitalism

3. Josef Stalin (1924 – 1953) Five Year Plans to rebuild industry
Great Purge to imprison or kill political dissidents

4. Nikita Khrushchev (1953 – 1964)
De-Stalinization- freed many political prisoners
Eased censorship
“We will bury you!”
Bay of Pigs
Cuban Missile Crisis
Berlin Wall

5. Sputnik (1957) 1st artificial satellite to orbit earth
Starts Space Race

6. Berlin Wall (1961)
Divided West & East Berlin
Fell in 1989

7. Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
U.S.S.R. tried to smuggle weapons into Cuba.
U.S. imposed a naval blockade.
U.S.S.R. backs down.

9. Leonid Brezhnev (1964 – 1982) Suppressed dissidents
Critics were imprisoned in insane asylums.

10. Détente (1970’s) Easing of tensions a “thaw” in the Cold War
SALT- Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (I & II)

11. Brezhnev Doctrine
U.S.S.R. had the right to prevent its satellite countries from rejecting communism.
What made Brezhnev so mad????
The Czechoslovakians ….

12. The Prague Spring (1968)
Czechoslovakian President Alexandr Dubcek announced a new form of democratic communism.
For four months they enjoyed freedom of speech and less state controls.

13. What did the U.S.S.R. do? 500,000 Warsaw Pact troops invaded
Czechoslovakia.
They didn’t fight back, but stood in front of the tanks & put flowers in the soldiers hair.
Dubcek was arrested and sent to Moscow.

15. Invasion of Afghanistan (1979 - 1988)
Drained Soviet economy.
Low morale.
Ended détente
The USSR’s Vietnam
US helped Taliban resistance fighters with guns and equipment

16. Mikhail Gorbachev (1985 – 1991) Signed arms treaty with the U.S.
Pulled troops out of Afghanistan

17. Glasnost
Openness
Ended censorship

18. Perestroika
Restructuring of the government & the economy.

19. Causes of the Fall of the U.S.S.R.
Leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev
Openness of democratic ideas (glasnost)
Reshaping of economy & government (perestroika)
Economic problems
Freedom movement in Eastern Europe

20. Effects of the Fall
Formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
Loss of role as world superpower
End of the Cold War
Economic hardships
Conflicts between pro-communist & pro-democratic groups
Minority revolts and civil conflicts

21. R.I.P. Soviet Union DEFEAT THE NAZIS LENIN 1917 – 1991 STALIN
FIRST IN SPACE (SPUTNIK)
LEADERSHIP OF GORBACHEV
ONE OF TWO SUPERPOWERS
GLASNOST
GORBACHEV
PERESTROIKA
FIRST COMMUNIST NATION
15 INDEPENDENT STATES

23. Boris Yeltsin (1991 – 2000) elected President of democratic Russia
Reduced nuclear stock piles
Unemployment increased
Prices increased
Criminals & gang activity big problems

24. Chechnya Revolt ( )
Chechnya is a province with a Muslim majority.
They wanted their autonomy from Russia.
21 month guerilla and civil war.
Russia withdrew troops but did not grant total independence.

25. Vladimir Putin (2000 – 2008 7 2012-present)
Tough on dissidents
Ex-KGB
Current prime minister

26. Dmitry Medvedev (2008 –2012) Hand-picked by Putin.
Working to reform the government ?!?
Invasion of Georgia (Aug.2008) !

27. “We will buy you” -Medvedev