1. The Rise and Fall of the Guomindang
(The Nationalist Party)

2. The Struggles of the New Republic
1911 Revolution-
Sun Yat-sen/Yixian
Wanted to replace Qing
Forms Nationalist Party/Guomindang Party
Qing falls
China  Republic
-From a poor, rural family
-Educated in the west (Hawaii)
medical school in Hong Kong
-Goal was to modernize and unify China
-Sun is elected provisional president
Part of 1911 Revolution
“Father of Chinese Revolution”
Three Principles of the People:
Nationalism: End foreign domination
Democracy: Representative govt.
Livelihood: Create economic security

3. WWI Leads to More Problems
1917-China declares war against Germany
Wanted spheres of influence returned
Treaty of Versailles-gave territories to Japan
May 4th Movement (1919)-Protested Treaty in Beijing
Spread to other cities
Hopes allied victory would lead to the return of control of China to Chinese
Students protested Treaty in Beijing
Beijing-“Down with European Imperialists” & “Boycott Japan”
Mao Zedong

4. Formation of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
Young Chinese against w. democracy
Favor Lenin’s form of Communism
1921- Form Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
Mao Zedong among founders

5. The Guomindang (The Nationalist Party)
1925-Sun dies
Chiang Kai-Shek/Jiang Jieshi takes over Guomindang
Followers tended to be wealthy

6. Guomindang and CCP-Allies & Enemies
March north together to conquer warlords that had taken over
1927-Nationalists into Shanghai
Nearly wipe out CCP
1928-Chiang becomes pres. of Nationalist Republic of China
Jiang was afraid CCP would set up command economy like the one in USSR

7. Civil War 1930- CCP gets support of peasants in countryside
Recruited for Red Army
Attacked by Nationalist army but never driven out
Realizing possible defeat, members of CCP fled
Lenin-Communism based in cities (workers/proletariat)
Mao-Communism based on peasants
“Swimming in the peasant sea”

8. The Long March October 1934-100,000 set out from Jianxi
Mao Zedong was elected Chairman of the party at the end of the march
Autumn 1935-reached the mtns in the N
Regroup & launch new offensives
1/10 of those who started were still alive
90,000 began march; 7,000 ended march
Communists is bad shape
Two things in favor
Peasant Support
Japanese Invasion of China

9. Japanese Invasion 1931-Japanese invaded Manchuria
1937-Used Manchuria to invade China
“The Rape of Nanjing”
December 1937-March 1938: >300,000 Chinese slaughtered
~80,000 women/girls raped
Mutilated or murdered
Communists &Nationalist join forces against Japanese
1945-Japanese defeated
1931-Japanese invaded Manchuria in to obtain mineral resources.
Part of WWII
CCP and Nat’lists put aside civil war to focus on Japan

14. Remains of Chinese Children Bayoneted by Japanese Soldiers

16. Unit 731 Used biochemical warfare Vivisection-live dissection
The infected and vivisected prisoners included men, women, children, and infants.
Vivisections were performed on prisoners after infecting them with various diseases.
Scientists performed invasive surgery on prisoners, removing organs to study the effects of disease on the human body.
Conducted while the patients were alive because it was feared that the decomposition process would affect the results
Prisoners had limbs amputated in order to study blood loss
Those limbs that were removed were sometimes re-attached to the opposite sides of the body.[
Some prisoners‘ limbs were frozen and amputated, while others had limbs frozen then thawed to study the effects of the resultant untreated gangrene and rotting.
Some prisoners had their stomachs surgically removed and the esophagus reattached to the intestines
Parts of the brain, lungs, liver, etc. were removed from some prisoners.

17. Civil War Renewed 1946-Civil war broke out again
Nationalists supported by US
Controlled southwestern China
Did little to win support
Communist supported by USSR
Controlled much of Northern China
Post-WWII-Domino theory and fear that communism would spread

18. Victory for CCP Cities fall to CCP one by one
1949-CCP, led by Mao, wins control of China
Proclaims People’s Republic of China
Chiang and other Nationalists flee to Taiwan

19. Important Info to Know Guomindang SunYat-sen May 4th Movement
CCP/Communist Party
Mao Zedong
Chiang Kai-shek
Long March
Rape of Nanjing
PRC/People’s Republic of China