1. Mammal review
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2. Order of mammals which includes humans.
Primates
In carnivores these teeth are the largest
Incisors canines premolars molars
canines

3. Process used by bats and cetaceans in which high frequency sound waves are bounced off objects to help in navigation.
echolocation
Flat sheet-like muscle located beneath the ribcage which helps move air into and out of the lungs.
diaphragm

4. This portion of the brain which controls
This structure which receives digestive & urinary waste as well as sperm/eggs is MISSING in most mammals (except monotremes)
cloaca
This portion of the brain which controls
higher level thinking and learning is larger
in mammals
cerebrum

5. Most mammals belong to this group
Name 3 characteristics of mammals
Endothermic
Hair
4 chambered heart
Feed milk to young
Single lower jawbone
Specialized teeth
Most mammals belong to this group
Monotremes Marsupials Placental mammals
Placental

6. Reproductive structure that stores and adds fluid to sperm in males.
Seminal vesicles
Aquatic, carnivorous,
flipper limbed mammals including seals, walruses,
and sea lions are called
_____________________
pinnipeds

7. These structures give mammals their name and
Mammals provide nourishment to their developing embryos growing inside the mother through this structure
placenta
These structures give mammals their name and
provide milk to nurse their young.
Mammary glands

8. How are the exit openings in the lower body of a rat different from that of a frog, turtle, or bird?
Amphibians, reptiles, and birds have only ONE opening (vent). Digestive, excretory, & reproductive all empty into cloaca and exit
through the same opening.
Mammals have separate openings.
Females have 3 (digestive, excretory, & reproductive)
Males have (excretory and reproductive share one opening)

9. Thin plates made of keratin which hang from the roof of the mouth in certain whales and strain food from the water.
baleen
First chamber in the stomach of a cud-chewing mammal like a cow which contains bacteria to digest plants.
rumen

10. Mammals with hooves such as deer, elk, zebras, and horses.
Ungulates
Bean shaped excretory organs which remove urea from the blood
kidneys

11. Warm-blooded animals are called ____________________
Large sac that branches from the intestine in non-cud chewers such as rabbits, horses, rodents, and elephants which contains microorganisms to digest plants.
cecum
Warm-blooded animals are called
____________________
endotherms

12. the group of mammals with pouches called ______________
This animal belongs to
the group of mammals with pouches called ______________
marsupials
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Excretory organ that is missing in birds, but seen in mammals.
Urinary bladder

13. Male reproductive structure where Sperm mature and grow tails.
epididymis
Female reproductive structure where
the embryo grows and is nourished by
a placenta
uterus

14. The only North American marsupial is the ___________________
oppossum
Number of chambers in a mammalian heart.
four

15. The organism (rat) pictured belongs to this group of mammals
Located near the liver this structure stores bile in most mammals but is
missing in RATS.
Gall bladder
The organism (rat) pictured belongs to this group of mammals
Monotreme marsupial placental
It is placental

16. Name the characteristics of primates
Whales, dolphins, and porpoises belong to this order of mammals.
cetaceans
Name the characteristics of primates
Larger brain, grasping hands, forward facing eyes fingernails instead of claws

17. Cud-chewers have a _______________
Reproductive organ that makes sperm.
testes
rumen
Cud-chewers have a _______________
Cecum rumen cloaca

18. Bats use this sense when they navigate with echolocation.
hearing
One way you can tell a mammal fossil from
a reptile fossil is to look at the ____________
Jawbone (mammals have a single bone in lower jaw)
Teeth (mammals have specialized teeth based on diet)

19. Mammals are ____________________
Endothermic Ectothermic
Endothermic
Structure near the liver which produces trypsin used in
the small intestine to break proteins
pancreas

20. Air sacs in the lungs called _________________
increase surface area and absorb more oxygen.
alveoli
Mammals can be divided into 3 groups based on their reproductive strategies. Name the 3 kinds of mammals.
Egg layers (monotremes)
Carry babies in pouch (marsupials)
Nourish baby with placenta (placental)

21. placental
Humans are ____________________ mammals.
Monotreme Marsupial Placental
Name one of the two digestive parts seen in plant eating mammals that contains microorganisms for digesting plants.
Cecum OR Rumen

22. Digestive organ that absorbs nutrients from food
Small intestine
The only flying mammals are __________
bats

23. Animals with a cloaca have a vent;
organisms without a cloaca have an __________
anus
Organ in males that transfers sperm to
the female reproductive tract
penis

24. Integumentary adaptation in mammals to keep warm
Hair or fur
What’s special about a rat’s teeth that’s
different from ours?
Incisors grow continuously

25. Name the 3 parts of the small intestine in order starting near the stomach.
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
appendix
In humans the _________________ is
what is left of (vestigial) our cecum.

26. Monotremes
________________ are the only mammals with a cloaca
large intestine
The ___________________ absorbs water
and concentrates digestive waste.

27. Like birds and reptiles, mammals have ______________ fertilization.
The _______________ divides the lower portion of a rat’s heart into two ventricles.
septum
Like birds and reptiles, mammals have
______________ fertilization.
Internal external
internal

28. Reproductive organ that makes eggs
You would expect a mammal that is a plant eater to have lots of teeth like these for grinding their food.
incisors canines premolars molars
Molars – flat for grinding
Reproductive organ that makes eggs
ovary

29. Type of coelom found in mammals
True coelom (coelomates)
deuterostomes
Mammals are ________________
protostomes deuterostomes

30. Oviducts/fallopian tubes
Match the tube with its function
Carries air from glottis to bronchi _____________
Carries sperm from epididymis to seminal vesicles __________________
Carries eggs from ovary to uterus _____________________________
Carries urine from bladder
to outside of body________________
Carries urine from kidney
to bladder _____________
Carries sperm from seminal vesicles to outside of the body __________________
trachea
Vas deferens
Oviducts/fallopian tubes
urethra
ureter
urethra

31. Non-cud chewers like horses,
rabbits, rodents, elephants have a __________________
Cecum rumen cloaca
cecum
Mammals have a _____________
to store urine.
Urinary bladder

32. pancreas & liver cerebellum cerebrum epididymis
Match the MAMMAL body part with its function
Makes digestive enzymes for the small intestine _____________
Controls muscle coordination _____________
Controls higher thinking
and learning _________________
Coiled tubules where sperm
mature and grow tails _______________
pancreas & liver
cerebellum
cerebrum
epididymis

33. This part of the brain controls motor coordination
cerebellum
This part of the brain controls the
internal organs.
Medulla oblongata

34. bladder uterus Small intestine kidneys Mammary glands
Match the mammal body part with its function
Stores urine ______________
Muscular organ where embryo develops _________________
Completes digestion & absorbs nutrients ________________
Removes urea from blood _____________
Produce milk ______________
bladder
uterus
Small intestine
kidneys
Mammary glands

35. Which of the diagrams shows the kind
of circulatory system found in mammals?
4 chambers
2 loops
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36. like the platypus are in the group of mammals called _______________
Egg-laying mammals
like the platypus are in the group of mammals called _______________
monotremes
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T or F
This animal has a cloaca.
True Egg laying mammals do.

37. Match the RAT body part with its function
Windpipe ______________
Pouch where microorganisms help digest plant material __________
Makes bile for small intestine ___________
1st chamber in the stomach
of a cud-chewer ________________
Collects & processes blood removing worn out cells _____________
trachea
cecum
liver
rumen
spleen

38. Flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the trachea
epiglottis
Like bird feathers and turtle shells, mammalian hair is made of the protein called ______________.
keratin

39. This organ stores digestive enzymes
Tell one way REPRODUCTION in rats is different than in birds:
RATS BIRDS
Separate reproductive exit cloaca
Viviparity oviparity
Embryos grow in uterus No uterus
Penis for depositing sperm no penis/ cloaca line up
Mammary glands make milk for young No mammary glands
This organ stores digestive enzymes
in most mammals but is missing in rats.
Gall bladder

40. The name RODENTIA comes from the Latin word meaning _______________.
To gnaw
Number of chambers in the heart of a mammal
FOUR
2 atria; 2 ventricles

41. Tell one way REPRODUCTION in monotremes is like that in REPTILES.
Both lay eggs; have internal fertilization
TRUE or FALSE
The conus arteriosus and sinus venosus
are missing in mammalian hearts.
Yes they are missing

42. The largest part of a mammal brain is the ________________
cerebrum
The cecum in mammals contains A. acid to dissolve plants
B. microorganisms to break down cellulose
C. Bile to break down fats
D. Trypsin to break down proteins
B- Mammals don’t have the enzymes to digest cellulose in plants, but bacteria do.

43. Ungulates are mammals that ___________________ Have hooves
The salivary glands produce
________________ to start breaking down starch into simple sugars.
amylase
Ungulates are mammals that
___________________
Have hooves

44. The scientific name for whiskers is ___________________
vibrissae
Another name for large intestine is
________________
colon

45. Name 2 of the functions of kidneys
Remove urea from blood
Produce urine
Regulate ion/water balance in blood/tissues
Just like in reptiles, birds, and amphibians,
the largest vein in mammals is the
_____________
Vena cava

46. The __________ side of the heart
carries high oxygen blood.
right left
left
Arteries
_________________ are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
arteries veins

47. The largest artery is the ____________
aorta
Blood returning to the heart from the
lungs enters the _________________
Left atrium

48. How are ALVEOLI in lungs like VILLI in the small intestine?
Both increase surface area
The flat grinding teeth located in the
back of the mouth are called
________________
molars

49. RATS belong to the
Kingdom __________________
Phylum _________________
Subphylum ________________
Class _____________
Order ______________
Animalia
chordata
Vertebrata
Mammalia
Rodentia

50. The opening for air is the ___________
glottis
Number of exit openings in mammalian
males
two

51. Which 2 body systems share an exit opening in male mammals?
Excretory and reproductive
TRUE or FALSE
Red blood cells in mammals have nuclei
just like birds, frogs, and turtles.
False- mammalian red blood cells lose their nuclei so they have more room to carry oxygen

52. Where would you look for villi?
The skin covered cartilage that surrounds the outside ear opening is called the ______________
pinna
Where would you look for villi?
Inside the small intestine

53. The dividing wall that separates the
The right side of the heart carries only
____________ oxygen blood.
HIGH LOW
LOW
The dividing wall that separates the
Ventricle in two is called the ____________
septum

54. Tell one way Mammals are like birds
Both: are deuterostomes
are coelomates
in same Kingdom (Animalia), phylum (chordates)
subphylum (vertebrates)
are endothermic
have 4 chamber heart
closed circulation
have 2 loop circulatory system internal fertilization separate sexes
care for young
direct development
….. There are lots more!

55. THE END