1. Manifest Destiny/The US Falls Apart
Unit 5
Manifest Destiny/The US Falls Apart

2. WESTWARD HO!!!!

3. MANIFEST DESTINY Lady Liberty Floats Westward
“Our manifest destiny is to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions”

4. SETTLING TEXAS “The Great American Desert” Great Plains – Rocky Mts.
Mexican Encouragements
Speak Spanish
Become Catholic
No slaves
The Austin Family & Texas
Moses Austin
Stephen Austin

5. Conflict Leads to Rebellion
Mexican feel Texans aren’t with the program!
Americans Respond with Texas Independence
March 2, 1836
Pass a constitution that legalized slavery

6. Remember the Alamo American Folk Heroes: Davy Crockett & Jim Bowie
American Propaganda
General Sam Houston & Texas Rebels
Battle of San Jacinto 1836
Texas Independence.???
Van Buren & Annexation???

7. Pushing to the Pacific Oregon Trail & Fever (1843) California
Fine harbors (Puget Sound)
Easy access to trade with
China
Fertile soil
California
“ There's a pile of gold, I’ve been told
On the banks of the Sacramento”

8. Election of º40' or Fight!
Would determine the US westward policy
Issues at hand:
A) Annexation of Texas as a slave state
B) British Expansionist policy in North
America?
C) Manifest Destiny & Oregon Fever (end joint occupation and establish 54º40'

9. Election of 1844 54º40' or Fight! James K. Polk
Instead of Tyler (distrust)
Gov. of Tennessee
Slave owner
Favored annexation
“Young Hickory”
Called for the -Occupation of ALL of Oregon & Annexation of Texas
54º40' or Fight!
Opp. – H. Clay
Same Old story

10. Polk’s Expansionists Policy “We were sent to provoke a fight. ” U. S
Polk’s Expansionists Policy “We were sent to provoke a fight?” U.S. Grant
This is all just the beginning…Hmmm I wonder how much more territory can I get for the United States?

11. The War With Mexico Polk’s Plan
General Zachary Taylor & John Slidell – a secret
2,000 soldiers occupy diplomat to try and buy disputed land along the California & New Mex. for Rio Grande $30 million
John C. Fremont (U.S. Army) & Various Naval Commanders
- encourage Mexicans in CA to declare independence and call for peaceful annexation.
Outbreak: Polk orders Taylor into the disputed Rio Grande area looking to provoke a clash – when it occurred blame Mexicans

12. To War or Not to War President Polk’s War Address to Congress
We Won – Texas
becomes a state (1845)
Opposition from
the conscience Whigs
who believed this was
motivated in order to
extend slavery.
Slavery & Expansion
become heated issues of debate

13. Consequences & Impact of the Mexican –American War
Wilmot Proviso
Designed to forbid slavery in any of the new territories acquired from Mexico
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Negotiated by Nicholas Trist
A) Mexico would recognize the Rio Grande as the s. border
of Texas
B) U.S. would pay $15 million for California & New Mexico
Free-Soil Party
Political party that viewed slavery as a threat to republicanism

15. Slavery & The Expanding South
Cotton was the cash crop.
More production, more slavery, more slave states

16. The Complex Compromise
A. Fugitive Slave Law
B. Admitted California as a Free State
C. Abolished Slave Trade in Washington D.C
D. Organized remaining Mexican Cession territory into New Mexico & Utah under Popular Sovereignty

17. The US Economy in the 1850’s Tremendous growth
Northern industrial growth, southern agricultural growth.
Huge increase in RR mileage
Lots of immigration, beginning in the 1840’s
Irish
Germans
German Jews

18. Geographic Results

19. Pierce & Expansionism Mexican Territory South of the Rio Grande
Gadsden Purchase (1854)
$10 million
Caribbean Central America Expansion
Cuba - War with Spain??
Ostend Manifesto
Slave Power Returns???

20. Kansas – Nebraska Act 1854 Causes & Motivation Impact Stephen Douglas
Transcontinental Railroad
Initial Bill & Southern Opposition
Compromise
Impact
Free Soilers + Conscience Whigs + Know Nothings =
Republican Party

21. Bleeding Kansas
Testing Popular Sovereignty
Lecompton vs Lawrence

22. Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) Taney’s Decision & Impact
Scott is not a citizen
BLACKS are not citizens!

23. The Emergence of Abraham Lincoln
Childhood & Family Background
Early Political Career
Position/Stance on Slavery

24. Lincoln Douglas Debates
U.S. Senate election of 1858
Douglas (D) vs. Lincoln (R)
Series of 7 debates
Hot Topic: Slavery & the Territories

25. Lincoln Douglas Debates
“a house divided against itself cannot stand”
Equal economic opportunity for all free blacks.
Against Dred Scott
Douglas
“This government was made by our fathers, by white men for the benefit of white men and their posterity forever”
Freeport Doctrine

26. Rising Radicalism Republicans gain momentum The Beating of Sumner
Democrats Split
Moderate Dem – Jefferson Davis
Fire Eaters – Robert Barnwell Rhett
John Brown & Harpers Ferry, Virginia
Election of 1860

27. ELECTION OF 1860 Abraham Lincoln John C. Breckinridge
Republican Southern Dem.
John Bell Stephen Douglas
Const. Union Northern Dem