1. Muhammad Amir Yousaf

2. Electrical Engineering BA (B), Analog Electronics, ET064G 7
Electrical Engineering BA (B), Analog Electronics, ET064G 7.5 Credits ET065G 6 Credits HT2012
What is Analog
Electronics?
Electronic
Systems?
Introduction
Course Aims?
Introduction
of Mindi?
Course contents?
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

3. Nature is Analog
Analog Electronics: An oldest and fundamental branch of electronics.
Although much signal processing is being done digitally, it remains indispensable discipline.
First interface with ‘analog’ nature.
All the natural phenomenon such as variation of light, temperature and in weather etc are defined in continuous time and value.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

4. Electronics reads Environment
An electronic system normally (made to) interacts with nature.
It reads the environmental phenomena and acts over it in the ordered fashion.
The CO2 sensor.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

5. A Light Dependent Resistor
Analog Signal
Primary information from natural phenomena comes in the form of optical, acoustic, thermal or chemical etc signals.
These signals are converted into electrical signals.
The devices used for such conversions are called transducers or sensors.
Signals from primary source of information are continuous in time so the electric signals obtained from the transducers.
The electric signal is analogue of the primary information stream, it is therefore called ‘Analog Signal’
A Light Dependent Resistor
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

6. Signal Handling: An art
Electronics is an art of handling information carrying electrical signals.
The electrical signals obtained from the
transducers could be very delicate
and weak in strength
and prone to noise and interference.
Processing of electrical signals starts
from this stage. It includes treatment of signal against the noise and decision making.
After processing, the output signal converted back into the physical signal or quantities for display or actuation.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

7. Analog Electronics Systems
Block diagram of an analog electronic system.
Non-electrical information
Input Transducer
Interface
Processor/
Filter
Display / Digital End /
Actuator
A Loud Speaker system.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

8. Signal Chain in an Electronic System
A sensor converts the real-world signal into an analog electrical signal. This analog signal is often weak and noisy.
Amplifiers are needed to strengthen the signal.
A/D converters for digital processing if required.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

9. Typical Signal Chain in an Electronic System
Analog filtering may be necessary to remove noise from the signal. This (is called) ‘front end’ processing (which) improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Most important building blocks used in the amplifier and filter stages is:
Operational Amplifiers
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. It is defined as the ratio of signal power to the noise power.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

10. Signal Chain in an Electronic System
An analog-to-digital converter transforms the analog signal into a stream of 0‘s and 1's.
The digital data is processed by a CPU, such as a DSP, a microprocessor, or a microcontroller.
Digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) is necessary to convert the stream of 0's and 1's back into analog form.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

11. Course Plan About the course: Prerequisite:
The course gives a deeper understanding and knowledge in analog circuit design and covers analog amplifiers, noise, filters, stability, oscillators, power supplies. The theory will be verified both with simulations and measurements of analog electronics circuits.
Prerequisite:
Electrical Engineering BA (A): Circuit Theory and Electronics, BA (A), 7.5 Credits.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

12. Course Plan Prerequisites :
Electrical Engineering BA (A): Circuit Theory and Electronics, BA (A), 7.5 Credits.
Understanding of basic passive components
jw method for solving ac circuit equations ( Introductory Circuit Analysis Chapter 14)
Passive Filters
Op-amps: introduction
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

13. Course Plan Course aim and goal
Students will gain a deeper understanding and knowledge of circuit design and characteristics.
Students will acquire skills in the design of the amplifiers, filters, oscillators and power supply etc.
Students will acquire proficiency in the use of computerized simulation tools.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

14. Course Plan Course aim and goal
Students will gain a deeper understanding and knowledge of circuit design and characteristics.
Students will acquire skills in the design of the amplifiers, filters, oscillators and power supply etc.
Students will acquire proficiency in the use of computerized simulation tools.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

15. Course Plan Students at the end of the course:
Should be able to construct an active and/or passive analog filter based on a specification.
Should be able to analyze a closed-loop amplifier frequency characteristics and stability.
Should know how the noise is generated and analyze how it propagates in an active electronic circuit .
be able to design circuits based on an operation amplifier for some selected functions such as oscillators, integration, differentiation, summation, instrument amplifiers, charge sensitive amplifiers, etc.
Be able to utilize knowledge in current research and development
Should be able to design an electronic system.
Whenever you start out in any endeavor, it’s always a good idea to have a goal in mind.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

16. Course Plan Course Contents The course covers:
System properties of analog circuits
Short refresher of basic elements: Circuit theory, Bode plots, Simple RC filters
Different OP-Amp circuits
Instrumentation amplifiers
Characteristics of different types of operational amplifiers
Frequency-dependent couplings
Feed-back of amplifiers
Stability
Noise and noise models for operational amplifiers
Various application examples
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

17. Required Literature
Thomas L. Floyd,  "Electronic Devices - Conventional Current Version" ISBN:
Don Manchini, "Op Amps for Everyone" -Free downloadable pdf
Course web-page:
apachepersonal.miun.se/~amiyou/
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

18. Teachers Muhammad Amir Yousaf S- Building 241-F 060148748
apachepersonal.miun.se/~amiyou/
Mazhar Hussain
apachepersonal.miun.se/~mazhus/
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

19. Lecture Plan (i) Introduction to Course:
Course Plan
Aims and Goals
Course Contents.
Lecture 1: Revision of some basic concepts such as:
RC filters
Bode plots
Transfer function etc.
Lecture2: Discrete Semiconductor devices
Diodes (Diodes, LEDs, Zener)
Transistors (Bipolar and MOSFETs).
Literature:
Chapter 2 of text book ‘Electronic Devices’, Lecture notes 1
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

20. Lecture Plan (ii) Lecture 3 Operational Amplifies
Ideal and Practical op-amps
Input Signal Modes (Differential and Common Mode)
Voltage Current Impedance
Frequency Response
Literature:
Lecture Notes 2
Electronic Devices : Chapter 12
Op-amp for every one.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

21. Lecture Plan (iii) Lecture 4-5 Inverting & Non Inverting amplifiers
Voltage follower
Parameters and Operational amplifier properties
Bias current and offset voltage
Feedback,
Open and closed loop response, Stability
Literature:
Lecture Notes 3
Electronic Devices : Chapter 12
Op-amp for every one.
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

22. Lecture Plan (iv) Lecture 6-7 Comparator
Summing and averaging amplifier
Instrumentation amplifier
Integrator and Differentiator
Charge sensitive amplifier
Current to voltage amplifier
Oscillators, Active filters
Peak Detector
Literature: Lecture Notes 4
Electronic Devices : Chapter 13, 14, 16
Op-amp for every one. Chapter 16
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

23. Lecture Plan (v) Lecture 8 Lecture 9 Noise Noise Factor Literature:
Lecture Notes 5
Op-amp for every one: Chapter 10
Lecture 9
Power Supply
Linear Supply, Switch mode supplies
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

24. Exercise Plan Exercise 1: Exercise 2 Exercise 3
Revision of Circuit Theory concepts
Bode Plots
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

25. Lab Plan Comprehensive understanding with results
Lab 1: Basic Op amp circuits:
The most basic OP-Amp circuits should be connected and characterized.
Some fundamental non ideal properties of the OP-Amp will also be characterized.
Lab 2: Active Filters:
Active filters should be designed according to given specifications. You should consult with the book ‘op-amp for every one’
Lab3: Power Supply Design
Comprehensive understanding with results
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

26. Computerized simulation tool
Mindi : Microchips Analog Simulation Tools / Powered by SiMetrix
Simulation is extremely useful for testing ideas at the system level.
Performance of design.
Characteristic of circuit i.e. frequency response.
Testing components.
Demo
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

27. Examination and Grading System
A written exam for 4.5 hp will be held 29th October
The grades A, B, C, D, E, Fx and F are given on the course. On this scale the grades A through E represent pass levels, whereas Fx and F represent fail levels.
Labs 1.5 hp will be graded as Pass and Fail
Assignment 1.5hp with grades A to F (ET064G)
Muhammad Amir Yousaf

28. References Muhammad Amir Yousaf http://www.handbuiltpotteryonline.net/
Muhammad Amir Yousaf