1. Single Displacement Reactions
Activity Series
Single Displacement Reactions

2. Single displacement reaction
One element in a compound is displaced (or replaced) by another element
A  +  BX  →    AX  +  B  
AX  +  Y  →    AY + X
Remember - a metal will replace a metal
- a non metal will replace a non metal

3. Guidelines Treat hydrogen as a metal Treat acids as ionic compounds
Eg. Treat hydrochloric acid as H+ Cl-
Eg sulfuric acid as H+ H+ SO42-
Treat water as ionic
With the formula H+ (OH-)
When in doubt about the charge for multivalent metals, use the most common valence
Eg. Pb (Most common is the charge written first on your periodic table)
Eg Fe3+

4. Examples Replacement of a metal by a more active metal.
Fe(s)  + CuSO4(aq)  → FeSO4(aq)  +  Cu(s)
Replacement of hydrogen in water by an active metal.
2Na(s)  + 2H2O(l)  → 2NaOH(aq) +  H2(g)
Replacement of hydrogen in steam by an active metal
Mg(s)  +  H2O(g)  →    MgO(s)  +  H2(g)
Replacement of hydrogen in acids by active metals.
Zn(s)  +  2HCl(aq)  →    ZnCl2(aq)  +  H2(g)
Replacement of nonmetals by more active nonmetals.
Cl2(g)  +  2NaBr(aq)→ 2NaCl(aq)  +  Br2(l)

5. Less stable
Pg 164 text
&
On your
Periodic table
Stable

6. Activity Series Ranks the relative reactivity of metals
Determined experimentally
Single Displacements will not always occur
(NR means no reaction)
A reactive metal will displace or replace any metal in a compound that is below it in the activity series

7. Question:
Will magnesium displace barium?

8. Question:
Will sodium displace cobalt?

9. Question:
Will copper displace hydrogen from cold water?

10. Question:
Will potassium displace hydrogen from cold water?

11. Question:
Will magnesium displace hydrogen from an acid?

12. Practice Questions
AgNO3 (aq) + Cu(s)  AgNO3 (aq) + Au(s) 

13. S.D. Involving the halogens
Activity series same order as on periodic table
A halogen will replace a halogen below it
Most reactive F Cl Br
Least reactive I
Eg Cl2(g) + KBr(aq) 