1. A hallmark of measurement excellence
Beneficiation of sugarcane bagasse for materials development and energy generation in South Africa Nonhlanhla P. Cele* Temperature and Humidity Laboratory
11/12/2018
A hallmark of measurement excellence
TQM

2. Objectives Investigate alternative uses of sugar biproduct
Analyze the opportunity of electricity supply
Optimize sugarcane industry as a multipurpose (food, ethanol and electricity production)
11/12/2018
Have you Ever wondered who is responsible for traceability of measurements in South Africa?
TQM

3. A measurement centre of excellence
Introduction
Sugarcane Industry in South Africa
The South African sugar industry is one of the world’s leading cost-competitive producers of high quality sugar
Ranking in the top 15 out of approximately 120 sugar producing countries worldwide.
14 sugarcane mills
11/12/2018
A measurement centre of excellence
TQM

4. South Frican Sugar Association
Introduction
Sugarcane Industry in South Africa
Aproximately one million people in rural area, or 2% of South Africa’s population, depend on the sugar industry for a living
There are approximately direct jobs and indirect jobs.
The dti Strategy for the South African sugar industry recognises that value addition is critical to the sustainability and survival of the local industry in order to preserve and enhance job creation
Approximately 75% of the area of sugarcane harvested in South Africa is dryland (relying on rainfall) and 25% is irrigated, and as such the impact of drought is widespread
In line with developments in the global sugar sector, it has the potential to be a producer of renewable energy, bio-fuels and bio-plastics
Land reforms: transfer of 22% of freehold land under commercial sugar cane production from white growers to black growers.
11/12/2018
South Frican Sugar Association
TQM

5. South African Sugar Association
Sugarcane Bagasse
Sugarcane bagasse – plant residue remaining after the extraction of juice from sugar cane. A good candidate for the production of renewable energy.
For every 10 tons of sugarcane crushed, produces 3 tons of bagasse
Advantage – high calorific/energy value
Disadvantage – low energy efficiency
Tons of sugarcane crushed per year
2008/09
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
2013/14
2014/15
2015/16
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South African Sugar Association
TQM

6. Support the country’s trade
Generation of Electricity from Sugarcane bagasse
Cogeneration of bagasse is one of the most successful energy project, demonstrated in many sugarcane producing countries (Brazil, India)
11/12/2018
Support the country’s trade
TQM

7. Support the country’s trade
Generation of Electricity from Sugarcane bagasse in SA
Combustion - sugarcane bagasse is fed to a specially designed furnace, at about 6 MPa and 495 °C
South Africa situation - sugarcane bagasse is burned to generate electricity and heat for own use at sugar mills, meet internal energy requirements, 23% energy efficiency
Implementation for energy efficiency measures is essential to nationalize sugarcane bagasse as a renewable energy source
11/12/2018
Support the country’s trade
TQM

8. Energy Efficiency Factors
Controlled combustion chambers
Reduced moisture content
Pellets formation – will increase energy content and bulk density (handling, storage and transport)
11/12/2018
Have you Ever wondered who is responsible for traceability of measurements in South Africa?
TQM

9. Preliminary results Moisture content (%)
Effect of moisture content on energy value of bagasse
A grade coal has energy/calorific value of kJ/kg
Moisture content (%)
Energy/calorific value (kJ/kg) 50
7300 30
10610 20
13100
11/12/2018
Have you Ever wondered who is responsible for traceability of measurements in South Africa?
TQM

10. Future studies Full characterization of sugarcane bagasse
Effect of moisture (sugarcane bagasse)
Effect humidity in crops (sugarcane)
Effect of sugarcane crushing techniques
Effect of combustion chambers
Effect of pellets size
Development of the Moisture National Measurement Standard
NRCS, SABS and SANS
11/12/2018
Have you Ever wondered who is responsible for traceability of measurements in South Africa?
TQM

11. Enable the protection of the environment
Acknowledgements
NMISA
Tshwane University of Technology
University of Witwatersrand
University of Johannesburg
NRF
11/12/2018
Enable the protection of the environment
TQM

12. Enable the protection of the environment
Thank you
11/12/2018
Enable the protection of the environment
TQM