1. Block 1 Do Now 1. What are the five major branches of earth science. 2
Block 1 Do Now 1. What are the five major branches of earth science? 2. Describe the work of meteorologists. 3. What is ecology? 4. Give an example of an ecosystem and explain how it is self- supporting

2. How is a scientific hypothesis different from a scientific theory?
Block 2 &3 Do Now
How is a scientific hypothesis different from a scientific theory?
What are the two sources of energy for the Earth’s surface?
Define observation

3. 1.5 What Is Scientific Inquiry?
Science
1.5 What Is Scientific Inquiry?
◆ Science assumes the natural world is
• consistent
• predictable
◆ Goals of science are
• to discover patterns in nature
• to use the knowledge to predict

4. 1.5 What Is Scientific Inquiry?
Hypothesis and Theory
1.5 What Is Scientific Inquiry?
◆ An idea can become a
hypothesis—tentative or untested explanation
theory—tested, confirmed, supported hypothesis
◆ Scientific Method
Gather facts through observation
Formulate hypotheses
Test hypotheses to formulate theories

5. 1.5 What Is Scientific Inquiry?
Science Methods
1.5 What Is Scientific Inquiry?
◆ Scientific knowledge is gained through
• following systematic steps
1. Collecting facts
2. Developing a hypothesis
3. Conducting experiments
4. Reexamining the hypothesis and accepting, modifying, or rejecting it 5

6. Scientific Method State the Problem Gather Information
Form a Hypothesis
Test the Hypothesis
State a Conclusion

7. Scientific Method
State the Problem
Scientific inquiry often begins as observation.
Observation is using the senses of sight, taste, touch, smell, and hearing.

8. Scientific Method 2. Gather Information
To investigate a problem, scientists gather information. One way to acquire data is through measurement.
-qualitative: the quality
-quantative: based on quantities
**Accuracy is important in scientific measurements.**

9. 3. Form a Hypothesis
A hypothesis proposes a possible explanation or solution
A hypothesis is based on fact established through observation.

10. 4. Test the Hypothesis
A hypothesis is tested by experimentation. Experimentation-an operation or procedure carried out under controlled conditions in order to test or establish a hypothesis Variable - factor in an experiment that can be changed
-Controlled experiment – set up to test a variable

11. 5. State a Conclusion
Conclusion- the final process of the scientific method by which scientist reveal whether the hypothesis was proven correct.

13. Independent and Dependent Variables
Independent Variable: The variable that you CHANGE Dependent Variable: The variable that you observe and measure the RESULT of

14. Example-Rain and Zebras
Observation: A scientist studied the relationship between the amount of rain and the number of zebras born each spring. Independent Variable: Amount of rain Dependent Variable: Number of zebras born

15. Control Variable
Also called a constant Control variable: a variable which does not change during an experiment so that results remain accurate

16. Experimental Group & Control Group
Experimental group: the subject(s) being tested Control group: the subject(s) who do not receive experimental treatment and are used as a comparison

17. CHALLENGE: Pitfall! Don’t confuse control variable with control group.
Control variables, or constants, stay the same for the entire experiment
Control group is a group that is used for comparison

18. Think, Pair, Share 2 Minutes
Question: Is there a relationship between the number of hours spent studying and the score a student gets on the weekly quiz? Identify the: Independent Variable Dependent Variable Control Variables Experimental Group Control Group

19. Think, Pair, Share
Independent Variable Number of hours spent studying Dependent Variable Score on the weekly quiz Control Variables Amount of sleep Content knowledge Difficulty of the quizzes

20. Think, Pair, Share
Experimental Group Students studying more (or less) hours than normal Control Group Students studying the normal amount of hours

21. Graphing Data
After collecting data, you need to make graphs in order to interpret the result
DRY MIX
Dependent Responsive Variable Y-Axis
Manipulate Independent Variable X-Axis

22. Pie Graph Good for: Percentages Comparisons Parts of a whole Bad for:
Displaying amounts
Graphing over time

23. Bar Graph Good for: Categories in random order Counts or frequencies
Bad for:
Large amounts of data
Accuracy

24. Line Graph Good for: Graphing over time Continuous data
Showing changes
Bad for:
Percentages

25. Exit Ticket – answer in complete sentences
What are scientific methods?
Define hypothesis.
How do scientists test hypotheses?
Summarize the evidence scientist found to support the meteorite impact hypothesis.
How have scientific methods contributed to the development of modern science?