1. Unit 8 Study Guide

2. 1. What is the main religion of the Arabs?

3. Islam

4. 2. Which cultural group practice a wide variety of religions, which include Islam, Christianity, as well as their traditional beliefs (the power of magic and curses)?

5. Bantu

6. 3. The belief in the power of the golden stool and Animism, the belief that all plant, animals, and trees have souls, is central to what cultural group?

7. Ashanti

8. 4. Why did Europeans first take an interest in the African continent?

9. To search for natural resources to fuel the Industrial Revolution

10. 5. Which cultural group follows a strict form of Islam?

11. Swahili

12. 6. How did the artificial boundaries of Africa, set up by Europeans, cause problems?  

13. Artificial boundaries split tribes and kinship groups that were friendly to each other and forced rival ethnic groups together that were always in conflict with eachother

14. 7. What was The Berlin Conference of 1884?

15. A meeting held in Berlin Germany where European countries met to divide Africa into European controlled colonies

16. 8. Explain the Pan-African movement.

17. An idea that there is a global Africa made up of Native Africans and descendants of African slaves and migrants across the world

18. 9. What is nationalism?

19. Pride in one’s country

20. 10. The __________is separated from the coast of Africa by the Atlas Mountains.

21. Sahara Desert

22. 11. The ___________ is the largest desert in the world.

23. Sahara Desert

24. 12. The ____________region is mostly grasslands. .

25. Savanna

26. 13. ________________ is the biggest threat to the African Rainforest today.

27. Over population

28. 14.The _____________ Desert is located in southern Africa

29. Kalahari

30. 15. ______________is the longest river in Africa.

31. The Nile River

32. 16. Which main river in Africa crosses the equator twice?

33. The Congo River

34. 17. Why did European powers colonize Africa?

35. They wanted Africa’s rich natural resources

36. 18. Which South African leader was responsible for ending apartheid?

37. F.W. de Klerk

38. 19. At the Berlin Conference, European nations agreed to divide up the African continent. What was the main goal of the European nations?

39. To gain control of Africa’s rich natural resources

40. 20. Which lake is the largest in Africa?

41. Lake Victoria

42. 21. _________________ is forced control of one nation by another nation.

43. Colonization

44. 22. What was the African national Congress created to do?

45. To bring all races together and end apartheid

46. 23. What is the international law term that refers to large scale violence?

47. Crimes against humanity

48. 24. Who granted the release of Nelson Mandela from prison?

49. F.W. de Klerk

50. 25._________________ is the pre-planned murder of an entire national, racial, political, or ethnic group.

51. Genocide

52. 26. Which geographical feature would be considered a trade barrier?

53. The Sahara Desert

54. 27. What is the difference between a religious group and an ethnic group?

55. An ethnic group is made up of people who have similar language and culture and who often share common values and religion

56. 28. What is colonization?

57. Forced control of one nation by another nation

58. 29. Why did Africans in Kenya and Nigeria want independence from Europe?

59. To gain control of their own lands and government

60. 30.What are artificial boundaries?

61. Country boundaries that do not follow religious or ethnic lines; usually created by an outside country.

62. 31. What is apartheid?

63. Official policy of racial segregation in South Africa involving political, legal, and Economic discrimination against people of color.

64. 32. Why was the African National Congress created?

65. To bring people of all races together to end apartheid

66. 33. What is civil war?

67. Fighting between different groups to gain political power

68. 34. What caused many of the civil wars in Africa?

69. Artifical political boundaries and partitioning

70. 35. Why was the Pan-African movement created?

71. To unite the people of Africa and to develop a unified political identify