1. Sharia
Divine Law, or God’s Law; It is the system of rules that Allah intended for Humans

2. Qu’ran (Koran)
The word of Allah, transmitted through the messenger Muhammad; it is the primary source of Sharia

3. the legal doctrine of discernments and comprehensions of the Sharia
fiqh
the legal doctrine of discernments and comprehensions of the Sharia

4. the way or path, referencing Muhammad's own speech and actions
sunna
the way or path, referencing Muhammad's own speech and actions

5. hadith
the Prophet’s sunna conveyed by reports of the speech or acts of the Prophet (Muhammad’s teachings, stories or sayings)

6. Sharia (Qu’ran & hadiths) & fiqh
the sources of Islamic Law

7. Imam (iman)
an Muslim leader

8. judges in an Islamic court
Qudi
judges in an Islamic court

9. had crimes
the most serious Islamic crimes which have specified punishments in the Qu’ran

10. had crimes
Examples- murder, theft, robbery, damaging another person’s reputation, drinking alcohol, and deserting the faith
standard for proof of guilt is high; Qudi has no flexibility in deciding the punishment

11. qesas
a crime of retaliation; the crimes which the victim or the victim’s family can exact a punishment

12. diya
money paid for damages as part or all of the punishment for a qesas crime

13. Qudi has a great deal of freedom in deciding punishments
tazir crimes
the least serious Islamic crimes, such as bribery, selling defective or inappropriate products etc.
Qudi has a great deal of freedom in deciding punishments