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The South and the slave controversy
American Pageant: Chapter 16 The South and the slave controversy
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Groups of People Plantation owners-aristocratic, many slaves
PRO-SLAVERY ANTI-SLAVERY Plantation owners-aristocratic, many slaves Small southern farmer-very few or no slaves Appalachian Whites Freed Blacks Abolitionists Slaves
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“King Cotton” Wealth in the hands of few
Widening gap between rich and poor ¾ of southern whites owned no slaves “American Dream” Wealth in the hands of few Widening gap between rich and poor ¾ of southern whites owned no slaves “American Dream”
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Whitney’s Cotton Gin Increased cultivation of cotton
Became dominant staple crop Leads to increase in demand for labor Reinvigorates slavery in South
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Free Blacks Many settled in New Orleans.
Disliked in North as much as South Why?
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Black Belt- Plantation Slavery
Heavily populated slave regions
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Slave Life Not allowed to read or write
Religion a blend of African and Christian Religions Family life present Families separated on smaller plantations Rebellion-Nat Turner Attempts to run away
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Early Abolition Resulted out of 2nd Great Awakening
Against slavery, but didn’t want free blacks in U.S. American Colonization Society Liberia (1822) – place for former slaves
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William Lloyd Garrison
The Liberator – anti-slavery newspaper Published in Boston American Anti Slavery Society
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African American Abolitionists
Frederick Douglass North Star- anti slavery journal Argued for a legal means to end slavery Sojourner Truth Fought for emancipation and women’s rights “Aint I a Woman”
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Reaction to Abolition Southern Reaction Northern reaction
Slavery supported by Bible Gag resolution – no debate over slavery in the House 1835 – all abolitionist documents destroyed in the south Northern reaction Dislike abolitionists – loss of $$ and jobs if slavery ended or secession occurred, South owed the North millions $
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Free-Soilers Political party formed out of desire for a slave free west (economic and moral reasons) and continued immigration elections Formed of anti-slavery Whigs and Democrats Would become Republicans in Election of 1854
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