1. E.Q. What were the causes of the War? P.T. Who won the US Presidential
Election in 1860?

2. Southern Names for the War
Second American Revolution
War for Southern Independence
War of Confederate Independence
War of Northern Aggression
War Between the States
The War

3. Northern Names for the War
Civil War
War of the Rebellion
War of Insurrection
War of Secession

4. Definition of “Civil War”
According to the Oxford Dictionary the term is defined as, “A war between citizens of the same country.”
Webster states, “A war between different factions of the same country.”

5. Fundamental Causes of the War
These causes developed over a long period of time:
Economics (tariffs)
States Rights
Slavery
Nationalism (Culture Differences)

6. Immediate Causes of the War
Immediate Causes come into being just before the major event itself occurs:
John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia
1860 US Presidential Election

7. Presidential Election of 1860
Republican Party
Founded in 1854
Favored Protective Tariffs
Opposed Slavery in the Territories
Supporters of John Brown
Sectionalist Party
Abolitionists

8. Republican Presidential Candidate
Abraham Lincoln
Illinois
Sectional President
Running Mate Hannibal Hamlin from Maine
Received No Votes from 8 Southern States
Only Received 40% of the Popular Vote

9. Democratic Party Split in Party Northern Democrats Nominate
Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois
Hershel V. Johnson of Georgia
Southern Democrats Nominate
John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky
Edward Everett of Massachusetts
Constitutional Party Nominate
John Bell of Tennessee
Joseph Lane of Oregon

10. Lincoln Wins
Election was held on November 6, The split among Democrats assures the win of Lincoln. Lincoln states before the election, “America could not continue permanently half free and half slave.” This convinced Southerners that his goal was total abolition of slavery.

11. Lincoln Wins

12. Georgia’s Lawmakers’ Reaction
November 21, 1860 called for Special Session
Meet in January to discuss action
South Carolina Secedes December 20, 1860
132 counties send delegates to Milledgeville
Delegates decide secession
January 16, 1861 four Southern states out of the Union

13. Governor Joseph E. Brown
Writes open letter to the people of Georgia on December 7, 1860
Says GA is not endangered by Lincoln the man but endangered by Republicans and abolitionists

14. States Secedes South Carolina December 20, 1860 (unanimous)
Mississippi January 9, (84 to 15)
Florida January 11, 1861 (62 to 7)
Alabama January 11, 1861 (61 to 39)
Calls for Convention in Montgomery, AL to create new government

15. Georgia’s Decision Meet January 16, 1861 Immediate Secessionists
Gov. Brown, Robert Toombs, Howell Cobb, T.R.R. Cobb
Wait and See People
Alexander H. Stephens, Herschel V. Johnson, Benjamin Harvey Hill

16. Debate Three days of intense debating Preliminary Vote
164 for secession to 133 against
Final Vote
208 for secession to 89 against
Ordinance of Secession adopted January 19
January 21, 286 signed the Ordinance and 6 signed in protest but pledge to protect the state

17. Republic of Georgia Union is a compact among states
Voluntarily join/ voluntarily leave
Georgia 1788 Ratification repealed
Georgia membership in the Union dissolved
Georgia become a free and independent country

18. Georgians’ Loyalty Resigned from Federal Jobs
Resigned from the Military
Supported their Country (Georgia)
Georgians first/ Americans second

19. What did you learn today?
Reflection
What did you learn today?