1. Rhetorical appeals 2.0
Ms. Meyer / ap English 11

2. Review Last class I introduced the appeals to you.
What do you remember?
Who created these appeals?
Which is the emotional appeal?
Which is the logical appeal?
Which is the appeal to credibility?

3. Ethos Here are where things get a little more tricky …
Ethos refers to the author’s and the reader’s credibility. You analyze how the author establishes his credibility but you also need to analyze how the author is appealing to the audience’s sense of morals or principles.

4. pathos
Similarly, an appeal to pathos is not just about appealing to the audience’s emotions.
Appealing to emotion means that you are showing your audience why they should care and/or how they should feel about a topic.

5. Into the wild e/p/l chart
Let’s see what you came up with! 

6. Mark twain & the appeals
Individually (and silently) read mark twain’s article “advice to youth”
Pasta – class discussion
I will then show you how/where to color code the appeals (you’ll need 3 highlighters)

7. Mark twain cont.
Pasta (purpose, audience, subject, tone, and authorial bias) – figure this out for everything you read for this class.
This was first a speech and then it was published in a book of essays. The speech was given in while the essay was published in 1923.
Purpose – what is his ultimate goal? To do what? To show how conventional morality and conventional sermons about morality are totally worthless. Convention wisdom is often hypocritical and phony. OR try and improve adult behavior. Or to argue against conformity.
This is satire – he’s using humor to prove something and, hopefully, bring about social awareness.
After all, Getting up with the lark does not make one a better person, obeying one's parents simply because they are the parents teaches nothing, the truth does not always prevail, and guns do not always kill people.

8. Pasta cont.
Audience – who do we assume his audience is for the period? How do we know this?
Subject – main point. Connected with purpose but different.
Tone – formal? Informal? Humorous? Scathing? Satirical?
Authorial bias – this can be tricky for people, depending on the excerpt. This may not always be worth discussing, so it’s okay if this is the weakest part of your pasta. Consider what makes twain biased and if that effects his essay and purpose.

9. Look at my highlighted version. See if it matches up with your appeals.
Did you find any that I did not?
Ethos, pathos, & logos