1. CELL THEORY All LIVING THINGS are made of CELLS.
All CELLS arise from (come from) other CELLS.
CELLS are the smallest STRUCTURE of life.
A CELL can carry out ALL FUNCTIONS of life.
1)ABSORB & USE chemical ENERGY to 2)GROW &
3)REPRODUCE (sexually or asexually)
Even 1- celled little microbes…

2. 15,000 ribosomes PER CELL!!!
ribosomeS build your organelles (cell parts--mostly proteins) through chemical reactions called… protein synthesis

3. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: How cell ribosomes grow & repair your body one chemical reaction at-a-time!
PROTEIN MOLECULES are largest molecules your ribosomes synthesize to make most your cell parts.

4. Your DNA is safely STORED inside the NUCLEUS in each of your cells.
DNA is the molecular instructions for how ribosomes know which proteins to build!
Your DNA is safely STORED inside the NUCLEUS in each of your cells.

5. CELL THEORY All LIVING THINGS are made of CELLS.
All CELLS arise from (come from) other CELLS.
CELLS are the smallest STRUCTURE of life.
A CELL can carry out ALL FUNCTIONS of life.
1)ABSORB & USE chemical ENERGY to 2)GROW &
3)REPRODUCE (sexually or asexually)
Even 1- celled little microbes…

6. REGULAR CELLS split in TWO SEX CELLS split in TWO--TWICE
MITOSIS
MEIOSIS
REGULAR CELLS split in TWO
SEX CELLS split in TWO--TWICE
EGG cells get only HALF
SPERM &
the DNA of other
cells!
brain, blood,
bone, nerve,
skin, liver,
heart, muscle,
etc. etc.

7. Of all the chemical reactions our cells perform for metabolism, WHICH BIO-CHEMICAL REACTION is MOST IMPORTANT?
Protein synthesis???

8. Without this chemical reaction, our cells would NOT have enough ENERGY they need to GROW & REPRODUCE?

9. Do you remember which macromolecule is our PRIMARY SOURCE of our cells ENERGY?
FATS (lipids)
CARBOHYDRATES
PROTEINS

10. Do you remember which macromolecule is a PRIMARY SOURCE of our cells ENERGY?
FATS (lipids)
CARBOHYDRATES

11. Sugars, bread & pasta, fruits & cereal are all full of CARBOHYDRATE molecules.

12. Sugars, bread & pasta, fruits & cereal are all full of CARBOHYDRATE molecules.

13. Sugars, bread & pasta, fruits & cereal are all full of CARBOHYDRATE molecules.

14. Sugars, bread & pasta, fruits & cereal are all full of CARBOHYDRATE molecules.

15. Sugars, bread & pasta, fruits & cereal are all full of CARBOHYDRATE molecules.

16. Sugars, bread & pasta, fruits & cereal are all full of CARBOHYDRATE molecules.
WHY?

17. Sugars, fruits, cereals breads, pasta are ALL from PLANTS which PHOTOSYNTHESIZE to produces carbohydrates like glucose here.

18. Sugars, fruits, cereals breads, pasta are ALL from plants which PHOTOSYNTHESIZE to produces carbohydrates like glucose here.
6 H2O + 6 CO2 + ENERGY  6 O2 + C6H12O6

19. And SUGARS, BREADS, PASTA, FRUITS & CEREAL come from PLANTS!

20. And SUGARS, BREADS, PASTA, FRUITS & CEREAL come from PLANTS!

21. And SUGARS, BREADS, PASTA, FRUITS & CEREAL come from PLANTS!

22. Which PLANT CELL ORGANELLE (& phytoplankton/algae cells too) PERFORMS PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO MAKE OUR CARBOHYDRATES?

23. Which PLANT CELL ORGANELLE (& phytoplankton/algae cells too) PERFORMS PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO MAKE OUR CARBOHYDRATES?
THE CHLOROPLAST

24. What do our cells do with these plant carbohydrates (aka sugars)?

25. ALL OUR CELLS TURN THESE CARBOHYDRATES INTO ATP ENERGY!

26. ALL OUR CELLS TURN THESE CARBOHYDRATES INTO ATP ENERGY!
acorn into oak tree
EVEN PLANT CELLS DO!

27. FRUITS are the most EFFICIENT way to get ENERGY into our body!
you should already have this…

28. What ORGANELLE turn carbohydrates into ATP energy?

29. Where inside our cells can we turn carbohydrates into ATP energy?

30. the MIGHTY…

31. the MIGHTY…MITOCHONDRIA!!!

32. the MIGHTY MITOCHONDRIA
Carbohydrates go into our cells…
…inside a
mitochondria
C6H12O6

33. the MIGHTY MITOCHONDRIA
Carbohydrates go into our cells…
…inside a
mitochondria
C6H12O6
MITOCHONDRION

34. the MIGHTY MITOCHONDRIA
Carbohydrates go into our cells…
…inside a
mitochondria
…to make
ATP energy!
C6H12O6
ATP
MITOCHONDRION

35. Here’s a quick way to look at it…in
out
CARBS MITOCHONDRIA ATP energy
first 1:30

36. SUGAR plus breathing in  exhale & sweat & ENERGY
The actual reaction is called CELLULAR RESPIRATION Like whenever we breathe--RESPIRATION
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy
SUGAR plus breathing in  exhale & sweat & ENERGY
ENDO or
EXOTHERMIC?

37. SUGAR plus breathing in  exhale & sweat & ENERGY
The actual reaction is called CELLULAR RESPIRATION Like whenever we breathe--RESPIRATION
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy
SUGAR plus breathing in  exhale & sweat & ENERGY
EXOTHERMIC!

38. YOU COMBUST…. YOU RUST…. YOU ARE EXOTHERMIC!
oxidizing too

39. The cellular respiration reaction is how our cells turn sugar into energy…it is an oxidation/combustion reaction with O2.
Does this reaction follow the Law of Conservation of Matter/Mass?

40. The cellular respiration reaction is how our cells turn sugar into energy…it is an oxidation/ combustion reaction with O2.
Does this reaction follow the Law of Conservation of Matter/Mass? YES 18 oxygens on both sides…

41. The CELLULAR RESPIRATION reaction is how our cells turn sugar into energy…it is an oxidation/combustion reaction with O2.
Conservation of Matter/Mass? YES 18 oxygens on both sides…12 Hydrogens on both, 6 Carbons on both sides

42. The respiration reaction is how living things turn sugar into energy…it is a combustion reaction with O2.

43. The respiration reaction is how living things turn sugar into energy…it is a combustion reaction with O2.
ATP
energy

44. Photosynthesis & CELL RESPIRATION are mirror reactions of one another

45. Photosynthesis ABSORBS (Endo) SUN ENERGY & CELL RESPIRATION RELEASES (EXO) atp ENERGY
ENDOTHERMIC
EXOTHERMIC

46. Photosynthesis PRODUCES GLUCOSE & OXYGEN WHILE CELL RESPIRATION ABSORBS GLUCOSE & OXYGEN.
ENDOTHERMIC
EXOTHERMIC

47. Photosynthesis ABSORBS CARBON DIOXIDE & WATER WHILE CELL RESPIRATION RELEASES THE SAME!.
ENDOTHERMIC
EXOTHERMIC

49. TEST FOR UNDERSTANDING
CELL chemistry WORKSHEET…STAPLE INTO NOTES.

50. sum up…
inner life of cell….

51. The CELLULAR RESPIRATION reaction is how our cells turn sugar into energy…it is an oxidation/combustion reaction with O2.
Conservation of Matter/Mass? YES 18 oxygens on both sides…12 Hydrogens on both, 6 Carbons on both sides

52. The respiration reaction is how living things turn sugar into energy…it is a combustion reaction with O2.
ATP
ENERGY

53. Where does all this ATP go???

54. HOW THE BODY USES ATP ENERGY:
copy…

55. HOW THE BODY USES ATP ENERGY:
10% KEEPS YOU DIGESTING
copy…

56. HOW THE BODY USES ATP ENERGY:
20% KEEPS YOU MOVING!
copy…

57. 70% of YOUR ATP is USED to KEEP your BASIC BODY FUNCTIONS WORKING
HOW THE BODY USES ATP ENERGY:
copy…
70% of YOUR ATP is USED to KEEP your BASIC BODY FUNCTIONS WORKING

58. What is the minimum calories your body burns in ATP energy to keep your organs functioning?

59. WHAT IS YOUR BASIC METABOLIC RATE?
(aka BMR)

60. THESE ARE THE MOST BASIC THINGS A BODY DOES TO SURVIVE CHEMICALLY!
HOW THE BODY USES ATP ENERGY:
THESE ARE THE MOST BASIC THINGS A BODY DOES TO SURVIVE CHEMICALLY!

61. click on website below to calculate your BMR:
calculator/

62. MY BASIC METABOLIC RATE: MY body burns a minimum of ________ calories per day just to keep my cells and organs functioning properly.
Fill in your number using the website calcutor…

63. THESE ARE THE MOST BASIC THINGS A BODY DOES TO SURVIVE CHEMICALLY!
HOW THE BODY USES ATP ENERGY:
THESE ARE THE MOST BASIC THINGS A BODY DOES TO SURVIVE CHEMICALLY!

64. mitochondrial disorders… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQiBXZenEkY
To “what happens when cells go wonky…”

65. Staple to notes and do Go over & explain
Worksheet…
Staple to notes and do
Go over & explain