1. The Reproductive System

2. Reproductive system begins with Endocrine System
Endocrine system is similar to the nervous system
Both regulate body activities
Nervous system uses nerve impulses
Endocrine system uses chemicals
Endocrine glands - produce and release those chemicals (called hormones) into the bloodstream which then circulates the chemicals throughout the body

3. Endocrine Glands responsible for sex hormones
In females:
ovaries
In males:
testes

4. Sex hormones Female Sex hormones: estrogen - progesterone
controls changes in female’s body
works with progesterone to trigger egg development
progesterone
works with estrogen to trigger egg development
Male Sex hormone:
testosterone
controls changes in male’s body
regulates sperm production

5. Sex cells Female Sex cells: Eggs = 23 chromosomes Male Sex cells:
Sperm =
23 chromosomes
What is the cellular process we’ve studied that results in these haploid cells?

6. Fertilization Fertilization: the joining of a sperm & egg
Zygote: a fertilized egg =
46 chromosomes

7. Male Reproductive System:
Functions:
to produce sperm
to produce testosterone

8. Male Reproductive System:
semen - mixture of sperm cells and fluids
million sperm per drop
Male Reproductive System:
Testes (there are 2)
produce sperm
produce testosterone
Scrotum
external pouch of skin that holds testes
keeps testes 2-3℃ below body temp
Penis
organ through which semen leaves the body

9. Female Reproductive System (slide 1 of 2):
Ovaries (there are 2)
produce eggs
produce estrogen
Fallopian tubes
passageways for eggs that connect the ovaries and the uterus

10. Female Reproductive System (slide 2 of 3):
3. Uterus
hollow, muscular organ size of pear
fertilized egg attaches to wall of uterus
unfertilized egg breaks down and moves into the vagina

11. Female Reproductive System (slide 3 of 3):
4. Vagina
muscular passageway connecting the uterus to the outside of the body
aka birth canal
the passageway through which a baby leaves the mother’s body

12. Menstrual Cycle:
the monthly cycle of changes that occur in the female reproductive system
Stages:
Ovulation - the process in which an egg is released from the ovary.
Menstruation - the process of the extra blood and tissue of the thickened lining of the uterus passing out of the body.