1. Warm-up What 3 particles are used to determine soil texture?
Number them 1-3, where 1 is the largest particle size and 3 is the smallest particle size.

2. Erosion

3. Weathering and Erosion
Order
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Weathering breaks down the rocks, erosion moves the particles, and deposition drops the sediments in another location.
Badlands National Park, South Dakota

4. Erosion Erosion – the process where sediments are transported by: Wind
Gravity
Glaciers
Running water
Living Things

5. Mass Movement: Creep
Slow, steady, downhill flow of loose materials – 3 cm/year
Oops!

6. Mass Movement: Slides
Rapid, downslope movement of layer of loose material – landslide – NOT just due to water!

7. Mass Movement: mudflow
Swiftly moving mixtures of mud and water
Triggered by earthquakes, heat from volcanoes, melting snow, and rainstorms

8. Mass Movement: Slump Landslide along a curved surface
Common after rains along steep slopes

9. Mass Movement: Avalanche
Landslides of snow
On steep slopes
Can be very high speeds – 300 km/h!

10. Glacial Erosion Glacier: large, moving mass of ice
Cover 10% of Earth’s surface
Great size, weight and density slowly moving grind out bedrock

11. Glacier Formation Form near poles and high elevations
Accumulation of snow – increases each year
Weight of top layers exerts downward pressure forcing snow below to recrystallize into ice

12. If Formed in Valley:
Snow accumulation causes glacier to become heavy and to flow downhill, due to gravity
Speed affected by slope, temperature, thickness of ice and valley shape – 1mm/day

13. Valley Glaciers Carve out U-shaped valleys from bedrock
Change valleys from a V shape to a U shape
More rounded – U Shape
V Shaped

14. Valley Glaciers
The deep depressions where carved out from valley called a cirques.

15. Moraine
The rock piles deposited from melted glaciers