1. PROTESTANT REFORMATION The Reformation was a major development in the Christian world when the Pope begins to lose power in Europe and, for the first time since Constantine’s Council of Nicaea (325 A.D.), the Bible takes center stage in the Christian conversation and politics.

2. Invented movable parts in the
Johann Gutenberg
Invented movable parts in the
Printing Press

3. Catholic Church Dissatisfaction Too much ritual Wealth Corruption
Abuse

4. Catholic Church
Indulgences

5. Catholic Church
Indulgences
Excessive Excommunication

6. Catholic Church
Indulgences
Excessive Excommunication
Inquisition

7. Catholic Church Indulgences Excessive Excommunication Inquisition
Relics

8. John Wycliffe "The Morning Star of the Reformation“
1382 – Wycliffe Bible
"The Morning Star of the Reformation“
Anti-Christ and hierarchy of the church were the same
Translated the Latin Vulgate into English
(Wycliffe's Bible)

9. John Huss The First Church reformer
Prague (Czech)
The First Church reformer
Charles University (Prague)
Burned at the stake for heresy (1415)

10. Martin Luther Saxony, GERMANY - Holy Roman Empire Early 1500’s
95 Theses

11. Martin Luther Saxony, GERMANY - Holy Roman Empire Early 1500’s
95 Theses
Faith Alone, Not works

12. Martin Luther Saxony, GERMANY - Holy Roman Empire Early 1500’s
95 Theses
Faith Alone, Not works
Bible is THE Authority

13. Martin Luther Saxony, GERMANY - Holy Roman Empire Early 1500’s
95 Theses
Retained two sacraments
Infant Baptism
Communion

14. Martin Luther Saxony, GERMANY - Holy Roman Empire Early 1500’s
95 Theses
Banned
Indulgences
Confession

15. Martin Luther Eisleben, Saxony, GERMANY - Holy Roman Empire 1521
Diet of Worms
(Trial in Worms, Germany)
The Inquisition

16. Martin Luther Eisleben, Saxony, GERMANY - Holy Roman Empire 1521
Diet of Worms
(Trial in Worms, Germany)
The Inquisition
“I cannot recant”
Too popular to burn at the stake
Excommunicated

17. Lutheran Civil war Pope/Holy Roman Emperor vs German Princes
Some call it a religious war…
In reality, Independence from Emperor for German Princes
Peasant revolts vs Landlords
Lutheran Peasant vs Catholic Peasant

18. Northern Europe - Protestant Southern Europe - Catholic
Peace of Augsburg 1555
Northern Europe - Protestant
Southern Europe - Catholic

19. Peace of Augsburg 1555 Impact around the World
Colonization led to Catholics in Central America
Protestantism in North America

20. John Calvin Geneva (Switzerland) Set up a Theocracy
1536 the city adopted religious reform:
monasteries were dissolved
Mass was abolished
Papal authority renounced .
John Calvin

21. Menno Simons Anabaptist (Mennonites – Amish) Friesland, Lower Dutch 1537
Persecuted from the earliest days by ALL… Catholics – they opposed Church and Tradition Reformers - they were a threat to the reformed social order

22. Menno Simons Anabaptist (Mennonites – Amish) Friesland, Lower Dutch 1537
Persecuted from the earliest days by ALL…
Catholics – they opposed Church and Tradition
Reformers - they were a threat to the reformed social order
Key Point….
Denial of Infant Baptism –
a voluntary faith meant a voluntary political leadership…
denied the foundation for the state-church system