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3. Convection and the Mantle The Theory of Plate Tectonics
Earth’s Interior
Convection and the Mantle
Drifting Continents
Sea-Floor Spreading
The Theory of Plate Tectonics
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4. Rock samples are this type of evidence used by geologist to learn about Earth’s interior.

5. What is direct evidence?

6. The two ways in which the layers of the earth vary.

7. What are temperature and pressure?

8. The two layers that the core are split into.

9. What are the inner core and the outer core?

10. The “plastic-like” layer located in between the lithosphere and the mantle.

11. What is the asthenosphere?

12. The type of crust that consists of basalt.

13. What is the oceanic crust?

14. When heat energy moves from a warmer object to a cooler object.

15. What is heat transfer?

16. The transfer of energy through space.

17. What is radiation?

18. The transfer of heat within a material or between materials that are touching.

19. What is conduction?

20. The transfer of heat by the movement of currents within a fluid (liquids or gases).

21. What is convection?

22. The measure of the amount of mass in a given volume.

23. What is density?

24. The author of The Origin of Continents and Oceans who developed the Theory of Continental Drift.

25. Who is Alfred Wegener?

26. The supercontinent that Wegener predicted all continents were a part of before they drifted apart.

27. What is Pangaea?

28. This type of evidence is based on the remains of the ancient organisms that have been preserved in rock.

29. What is fossil?

30. This type of evidence relies on the observations of scratches made by glaciers moving over the continents.

31. What is climate?

32. This type of evidence comes from the observations of the coastlines of some continents matching together.

33. What is land features?

34. A device that bounces sound waves off underwater objects and then records the echoes of these sound waves to measure the distance from one object to another.

35. What is sonar?

36. The American geologist who studied mid-ocean ridges and carefully examined maps of the mid-ocean ridge system.

37. Who is Harry Hess?

38. The three types of evidence for sea-floor spreading.

39. What are molten material, magnetic stripes, and drilling samples?

40. The process taking tens of millions of years for part of the ocean floor to sink back into the mantle at deep-ocean trenches.

41. What is subduction?

42. The sea floor spreads apart along both sides of a mid-ocean ridge as new crust is added.

43. What is the process of sea-floor spreading.

44. The theory that explains the formation, movement, and subduction of Earth’s plates.

45. What is the Theory of Plate Tectonics?

46. The place where two plates move apart.

47. What is a divergent boundary?

48. The place where two plates come together.

49. What is a convergent boundary?

50. A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions. And, where crust is neither created nor destroyed.

51. What is a transform boundary?

52. Breaks in Earth’s crust where rocks have slipped past each other.

53. What is a fault?

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55. The cause for convection currents.

56. What are differences in temperature and density?