1. Today’s goals Review important grammar concepts from this semester
Introduce grammar concepts related to comma usage

2. Grammar review
What function does each of the following parts of speech play:
Noun
Adjective
Verb
Adverb
Article

3. Grammar review What is the difference between mass and count nouns?
What are the three basic verb phrases in English?

4. Grammar Basics Count nouns: Mass nouns:
Can be quantified, counted, and made plural
Examples: chair, class, computer, book, light
Make sure you are using the correct singular or plural form for agreement
Mass nouns:
Cannot be quantified, counted, or made plural
Example: sugar, reading, water, courage, wine
Mass nouns are considered singular for agreement purposes
Test:
If you are not sure if a noun is count or mass, try adding one of the following words before it:
few + noun, many + noun, two + noun
Count nouns can be modified in this manner while mass nouns cannot

5. Grammar: Verbs Perfect Progressive Passive
Have + past participle verb (usually –ed or –en)
I have eaten lunch already today
Progressive
Be + present participle verb (-ing)
I am eating lunch right now
Passive
Past be + past participle (subject and object are flipped from the original sentence)
Normal: I performed the experiment
Passivized: The experiment was performed by me today

6. Grammar review What are independent and dependent clauses?
What are compound and complex sentences?
What kind of punctuation do we use in each?
What are the other common uses of commas?

7. Common Comma Usage Separate clauses (may require a conjunction)
List items in a series
Offset quotations
Offset Introductory element
Show non-restrictive elements

8. Common Sentence Structures
Compound sentences: have more than one independent clause
Independent clause, (coordinating conjunction) independent clause
Independent clause; independent clause
Complex sentences: have an independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses
Independent clause (subordinate conjunction) dependent clause
(Subordinate conjunction) Dependent clause, independent clause
Note: it is possible to have sentences that are compound as well as complex

9. Examples
Where would we add commas here to separate dependent and independent clauses? Are these sentences compound, complex, or both?
I have never been to Australia but I have always wanted to go
Because I was always so stubborn I couldn’t admit defeat
We won’t have more paper until I go to the store
The scientist wasn’t sure about his theory and it showed in his presentation
Although I have always wanted to play basketball I am probably too short

10. conjunctions Coordinate conjunctions Subordinate conjunctions
Remember: FAN BOYS
For
And
Nor
But Or
Yet So
Because
Although
After
Before
While
Though
Unless
Until
(and many others)

11. Common Comma Usage Separate clauses (may require a conjunction)
List items in a series
Offset quotations
Offset Introductory element
Show non-restrictive elements

12. Items in a series A and B A, B, and/or C A, B (for adjectives)
Examples:
I bought a soda hamburger and fries from McDonalds
I went to the store mailed my bills and walked the dog
I have never seen such a colorful elegant dress before
Jason brought cups and napkins to the party

13. Nonrestrictive Elements
Where would it be necessary to add commas to show nonrestrictive elements here?
Her stepfather whom she disliked intensely was a deadbeat
The three police officers who had just finished eating donuts arrived at the scene of the crime

14. Class activity – grammar practice
Add commas and edit the following sentences where appropriate:
Although I like sunbathing at the beach to get a tan I hate to get sunburn.
Because I studied all night I was too tired to focus and I flunked the exam.
We could go to the movies and have dinner or we could just stay home.
Fishermen who do not obey catch and release laws are often fined.
The star athelete who had won many games was given a gold medal.
I went to the gym lifted weights drank a shake and went home.
While you’re at the grocery store, please pick up eggs milk and bread.
She gave her husband a quick unexpected slap.

15. Group quiz: Grammar review
Form up teams of 3-4 students
Select a team name and log into Kahoot

16. homework WTI Final Draft 300-500 words Must include works cited page
Submitted to Turnitin.com by midnight