1. Communal Livestock System Small Stock: //Karas Region
Mr B Haraseb
Mr M Mushabati
Mr F S Hango
Ms E Handunge
Ms J Amakali
Mr C I Tjiho
Mr O Mwanyangapo
Ms E Namalambo
Mr A Ankama

2. Background
Commonage, non-title deed, resource (water and grazing) sharing
//Karas communal area: ha
Consist of 2 constituencies i.e Berseba & Karasburg East
Communal agricultural wards: Berseba, Bethanie, Tses & Bondelswarts
Approximately communal farmers

3. Cont’ Background
Rainfall ranges from 50 mm – 200 mm with an average 160 mm/annum
Temp range: -4 – 40 ̊C
Livestock numbers: Cattle – , Sheep – , Goats – , Donkey – 5108 & Horses – 4290 (Livestock census, 2016)
Dwarf shrub savanna
Shallow underground water table (approx 3 m)

4. Objectives
Increased production
Increased Household (HH) income

5. Adaptations measures: Rangeland seeding
Effectiveness:
Increase biodiversity
Increase biomass (forage quality)
Increase carrying capacities
Improve livestock condition
…increase production, off-take = Increase HH income & Food security

7. Adaptations measures: Rangeland seeding
Cost:
Procurement of seeds (species such as S. uniplumis, S. papophroides or kalahariensis, C. ciliaris, A. pubescens, etc.)
Mobilization of communities (TA. Farmers & Union, etc.) × 4
Development of training material (translations in local vernaculars)
Training cost (teaching aids, transport, accommodation, meals)
Establishment of demonstration/pilot plots × 8

9. Adaptations measures: Rangeland seeding
ESTIMATED COST

11. Adaptations measures: Rangeland seeding
Feasibility:
Implementation is supported by the National Rangeland Management Policy & Strategy (NRMP&S)
Use of native grass species (can germinate in existing climatic conditions and seeds can be harvested locally)
Availability of grass species with local retailers
Available human resources to conduct/facilitate trainings
Cost implications (seeds, training, training material, labour)
Coordination in commonage system (grass poaching, combined herding)

12. Adaptation, Productivity & Mitigation
Impact of rangeland seeding
Adaptation
Productivity
Mitigation

13. Adaptation, Productivity & Mitigation
Land restored/reclamation (combating degradation)
Lost biodiversity is re-introduced
Less supplementation
…mortalities decreased, gene pool preserved
…increased production, reduced carbon foot print, increased off take = Increased HH income & Food security..

17. THANK YOU! OMAKE!