1. Greek & Hellenistic Achievements

2. Greek Philosophy Socrates 1st of the 3 Major Greek Philosophers
Socratic Method
Began w/ basic questions (What is Life?), followed w/more to help understand the world
Qs made you better person/citizen

3. Death of Socrates
Wealthy & Noble Athenians believed he was teaching their children to Question the Gods
Charged with Impeity (?) & Corrupting the Youth
Condemned to Death; students tried to help him escape
He criticized them for their action, refused, and drank a cup of Hemlock (poison)
Principle of Obedience to Law---follow the laws/decisions of society, b/c society w/out laws = CHAOS?

5. Greek Philosophy Plato
Student of Socrates, writings recorded his ideas & provided info about Socrates’ life & ideals
The Republic- Gov’t should be run by those most qualified…Philosopher Kings
Critical of Athenian Democracy-Feared Mob Rule
Founded the Academy, lasted for over 100 years

6. Greek Philosophy Aristotle Student of Plato, spent time at the Academy
Focus on Natural World rather than Human Behavior
Reason- Careful observations & rational thinking to study natural world
Logic- Use prior knowledge to infer new facts
Established his own academy, Lyceum; Tutored Alexander

7. Homer Epic Poems Iliad- Chronicled Trojan War
Odyssey- Odysseus’s journey Home
Oral Storytelling; spread throughout Ancient Greece
Formed the basis of Greek Education System
Inspired Greeks for Generations

8. Herodotus Greeks were the 1st to write about & analyze their past
“Father of History”
1st Major Greek Historian
The Histories- detailed major events of Persian Wars
Events he witnessed & reports from those who said they witnessed
Issues? Does he deserve his title?

9. Greek Drama Created for Entertainment; Art of Playwriting
-Originally introduced during festivals honoring Dionysus
-Recited to Audience, later actors took on specific roles
Tragedy- focused on hardships faced by Greek Heroes
Comedy- Satires, written to expose the Flaws of Society

10. Greek Architecture Athenians valued beauty; literary & visual
Architecture- Greeks built magnificent Temples, Theatres & other public buildings
-Added fine works of art to enhance their appearance
Parthenon- Massive temple at the center of the Acropolis
-Not too wide (squat) or too tall (flimsy)

12. Greek Art Sculpture Adept at depicting Human Form
Immense detail, great beauty & grace
Few originals survive, Roman re-creations
Paintings
Preserved on Vases, Plates
Scenes of everyday life & popular myths

13. Hellenistic World Hellenistic- Emerged b/c of Alexander the Great
-Blending of Greek culture w/Persia, Egypt & Central Asia
-Bringing ideas & people together
Alexander married Persian princesses, encouraged troops to do the same; established cities across Empire
Cultural Diffusion at its finest
Move away from Polis to Kingdom & Monarchy

15. Science & Technology Euclid Pythagoras Geometry Pythagorean Theorem
Father of Geometry
Formed many of the ideas we still use today
Pythagoras
Pythagorean Theorem
Derived the formula to calculate the relationship b/w the sides of a Right Triangle

16. Science & Technology Archimedes Eratosthenes
Calculated the circumference of the Globe
Used simple Geometry, careful observation, came remarkably close to actual figure
Archimedes
Mathematician who used Math & Physics to create devices that made life easier
Levers, pulleys & screws; catapult

17. Science & Technology Hippocrates
-studied causes of illnesses & looked for cures
-Set ethical standards for doctors then, as well as now
Hippocratic Oath

18. Hippocratic Oath
“I will use my power to help the sick to the best of my ability and judgment; I will abstain from harming or wronging any man by it…
Whatever I see or hear, professionally, or privately, which ought not to be divulged, I will keep secret…
If, therefore, I observe this oath and do not violate it, may I prosper both in my life and in my profession, earning good repute among all men for all time.”