1. Principle 3: Develop DM Processes to Fit the Context and Business Environment in Which They Will Be Performed
Learning Objectives: Understand how DM can be modified to fit different business environments Understand there are internal and external factors that can effect the DM solution
Learning Outcomes: Student can identify different aspects of DM in various business environments. Student can enumerate internal and external factors that effect their DM solution.
Presentation: display all content on entering screen.

2. Presentation: display all content on entering screen.
Explanatory material (voiceover, popup, etc.)
ANSI-859 says: To be effective, DM solutions, processes, and practices should be supported by a realistic analysis and understanding of the business context and environment in which they will be performed. The business context and environment are characterized by both internal and external factors; DM solutions are necessarily conditioned by those factors. Requirements to be satisfied come not only from projects themselves but also from future expectations related to projects, from enterprise policies and processes, and from the environment external to the enterprise. Taken together, these sources define the context and business environment in which DM will operate
There are 4 enablers to this principle that we will discuss.
References: in GEIA 859
Principle 3

3. Who creates or acquires data?
Enabler 3.1: Determine the Complete Set of Requirements that the DM Solution Must Address
Presentation: display all content on entering screen.
Explanatory material (voiceover, popup, etc.)
Before developing new DM strategies and solutions, the enterprise must identify the general set of requirements to be addressed. This includes not only the requirements for data, but also the broader requirements that relate to data capabilities and data processes. To identify these broader requirements, it is important to understand, at a minimum, the intended use of the data, related business objectives, technology issues, and external constraints. External constraints may include regulatory agencies such as the FAA, and FDA, national or international standards or laws.
References: in GEIA 859
Principle 3, enabler 3.1.
Customer developed and provided
Developed or acquired for the customer
Collaboratively developed
Who creates or acquires data?

4. Enabler 3.2: Determine the Shape of the DM Solution
Prepare Integrated requirements
Determine Synergies and Conflicts
Develop Alternative solutions
Presentation: Each box in the flowchart corresponds in order to the bullets in the explanatory material.
Explanatory material (voiceover, popup, etc.)
The enterprise should assemble the requirements identified by Enabler 3-1 in a form that can be worked with to design the DM solution. One way to do this is to list the requirements according to their source and relative priority. These requirements may be duplicative, conflicting, synergistic.
The enterprise should develop a set of alternative solutions for the comprehensive set of requirements. Each solution is a scenario: a particular combination of processes, enterprise elements, and infrastructure elements. The processes, enterprise elements, and infrastructure elements do not need to already exist. In fact, it would be a mistake to consider only existing elements, because doing so almost certainly constrains improvement.
Next separate the feasible from the unfeasible prior to prioritization. The enterprise must then prioritize the feasible solutions in terms of their ability to satisfy the requirements and their cost of implementation.
The best solution is derived using all relevant considerations, framed in the context of benefits, risks, gains, and losses that other solutions may represent.
References: in GEIA 859
Principle 3, enabler 3.2
Perform Prioritization and Tradeoffs
Select Best Solutions
Duplicative
Conflicting
Synergistic
Interdependent Requirements

5. Estimate implementation costs of needed changes.
Enabler 3.3: Compare the Proposed, Best Solution to Existing and Planned Enterprise Capability (Infrastructure and Processes)
Perform gap analysis, compare assumptions to existing processes, practices, policies, organization, and infrastructure.
Enumerate process, practice, policy, organizational, and infrastructure of preferred solution
Estimate implementation costs of needed changes.
Presentation:Each box in the flowchart corresponds in order to the bullets in the explanatory material.
Explanatory material (voiceover, popup, etc.)
Because most organizations have some DM capability already in place, it is important to compare the needs of the proposed, best solution to existing and planned enterprise capability. This process begins with a detailed examination of the preferred solution and identification of process, practice, policy, enterprise, and infrastructure characteristics that are required to implement it.
Next, a gap analysis is done to compare the needed characteristics to those of existing processes, practices, policies, organizational alignments, and infrastructure. For instance, if the preferred solution involves electronic storage of quantities of digital data over extended periods of time, the enterprise should determine if its infrastructure plans are supportive. Similarly, if the preferred solution involves processes different from those in place, then process reengineering is required. The enterprise should identify any conflicts or roadblocks (e.g., plans to remove infrastructure that will be needed) that will have to be overcome or considered. Current processes, practices, policies, and infrastructure capabilities may not be in easily retrievable form. Part of the gap analysis may entail knowledge capture and a subsequent documentation effort sufficient to perform the gap analysis.
Finally, the enterprise must determine the monetary and non-monetary implementation costs of the needed changes. Because this estimate provides a basis for advocating for and allocating resources, the resources should be estimated in financial terms (e.g., in dollars) within an acceptable range of uncertainty (e.g., 10 percent).
References: in GEIA 859
Principle 3, enabler 3.3

6. Enabler 3.4: Make Needed Adjustments in Processes, Practices, Policy, Organizational Alignment, and Infrastructure
Presentation:Each box in the flowchart corresponds in order to the bullets in the explanatory material.
Explanatory material (voiceover, popup, etc.)
Using the comparison results derived in the previous enabler, the enterprise must make needed adjustments to resolve the gaps. The process begins by identifying the needed changes in processes, practices, policy, organizational alignment, and infrastructure. (Some of this work will have been completed in the previous enabler.)
Using the comprehensive list of needed changes, the enterprise should develop a time-phased, resourced strategy to resolve the gaps. Devoting an appropriate amount of effort to developing this time-phased strategy is important for many reasons such as an organization can absorb only so much change at once.
Once it has defined the strategy, the enterprise can implement it.
Finally, the enterprise should monitor the implementation of the strategy and make course corrections as needed. Aside from detecting implementation problems, it is unlikely that the solution was as completely correct as initially envisioned. Further, there will be fact-of-life changes in requirements as time goes on that the enterprise will need to address.
References: in GEIA 859
Principle 3, enabler 3.4

7. a. Satisfy the requirements and their cost of implementation
When determining the Complete Set of Requirements that the DM Solution Must address include (select all that apply):
a. Expected Life Cycle of the data.
b. Identify external forces.
c. Determine business objectives
d. Determine computing system requirements
e. Compare competing proposals.
When comparing proposed solutions completing a gap analysis is done first.
True or False?
The enterprise prioritizes feasible solutions to:
a. Satisfy the requirements and their cost of implementation
b. Understand which solution to implement first..
c. Eliminate interdependent requirements.
Aside from detecting implementation problems, it is likely that the solution was as completely correct as initially envisioned.
True or False?
1. When determining the Complete Set of Requirements that the DM Solution Must address include (select all that apply):
Expected Life Cycle of the data.
Identify external forces.
Determine business objectives
Determine computing system requirements (wrong answer)
Compare competing proposals. (wrong answer)
2. When comparing proposed solutions completing a gap analysis is done first. (True/False) (correct answer is False. When comparing proposed solutions first enumerate process, practice, policy, organizational and infrastructure assumptions of preferred solution.)
3. The enterprise prioritizes feasible solutions to:
A. satisfy the requirements and their cost of implementation (correct answer)
B. understand which solution to implement first..
C. eliminate interdependent requirements.
4. Aside from detecting implementation problems, it is likely that the solution was as completely correct as initially envisioned. (True/False) (Correct answer is False. It is Unlikely that the original solution is completely correct and would not require course correction.)