1. FOREIGN difficulties for Jefferson…
Jefferson was all about AVOIDING WAR! But challenges were ahead, and he had to make some serious decisions on whether to maintain U.S. neutrality or not…

2. The Barbary War ( )
North African “Barbary states” demanded tribute from trade ships sailing in the Mediterranean Sea
Wanted HIGHER tributes from TJ than from GW and JA
In 1801, Jefferson dispatched the U.S. fleet to “negotiate through…a cannon”
No victory, but a successful U.S. naval blockade led to gained America international respect

3. DO NOW: Analyze the cartoon below …

4. Today’s AIM: How did President Jefferson handle threats from abroad while still maintaining U.S. neutrality?
Essential Questions:
Were Thomas Jefferson’s principles of foreign policy similar to or different from Washington and Adams?
How did Jefferson handle aggressive acts by the British and French?
How did Jefferson’s foreign policy actions compare to Obama’s during his presidency?

5. Jefferson wins a 2nd term But he had some issues on his hands…
Jefferson’s 1st term as President was very SUCCESSFUL!
The Federalist Party was beginning to DISSOLVE
Jefferson now won a huge victory in the Election of 1804!
But he had some issues on his hands…

6. Growing Difficulties for TJ
Former VP, Aaron Burr (“Quids”) - TJ abandoned Republican principles!
Burr tries to break up the Union
Win governorship of NY
Unite 5 NE states and form a Northern Confederacy
#FAIL

7. VS. “How Thomas Jefferson would have handled ISIS”
The Washington Post, October 2014
VS.
Read the article INDIVIDUALLY, then answer the reaction questions in your notebook.
we’ll have time to discuss with partners and as a class…

8. Jefferson and the Embargo Act
Napoleonic Wars
France vs. European powers (led and financed by Britain)
Affected commercial economy of USA
British AND French impressment of American ships
Chesapeake-Leopard Affair (1807)
3 Americans killed, 4 taken captive/impressed by British
Now its time for WAR!
How does Jefferson react?
Embargo Act (1807)
Prohibited American merchant ships from leaving American ports for foreign ports
Teach the British a lesson! Don’t mess with neutral nations!
BACKFIRES! British are just fine with S. American goods
Impact on Americans?

9. Jefferson defends the embargo…
Your Job:
Read the document titled, “Thomas Jefferson’s defense of the Embargo Act of 1807”
Answer the questions that follow…

10. EXIT: In your notebook, answer the following using notes from yesterday and today…
How did President Jefferson handle threats from abroad while still maintaining U.S. neutrality?

11. DO NOW: SBMC Practice

12. BONUS: today is the 75th anniversary of what major event in U. S
BONUS: today is the 75th anniversary of what major event in U.S. History?
DISCUSS: Jefferson’s election in 1800 represented a change of power in government; yet, how did the government remain unchanged?

13. AIM: How did Chief Justice John Marshall strengthen the federal government?
Essential Questions:
Why did Adams appoint the midnight judges?
Was Jefferson wrong to refuse to confirm the appointments?
How did the Marbury vs. Madison decision work in opposition to Jefferson’s agenda?
Was Marbury vs. Madison a revolutionary decision?

14. Lets travel SLIGHTLY back in time
“Tommy, relax. We’re COUSINS from Virginia!”
“John, you and your Federalist ways cause me so much grief.”
After the revolutionary Democratic-Republican victory in 1800…
Judiciary Act of 1801 = created new federal courts filled with loyal Federalists…
“midnight judges” ...who were they?
Judges could NOT be removed...unless what?
John Marshall = Chief Justice of Supreme Court (34 years!)

15. When does Madison come into play?
James Madison, TJs new Secretary of State = supposed to officially present William Marbury (midnight judge) with his new position…
But he didn’t! Why?
So… Marbury sued and appealed to the Supreme Court to get Madison to award him the position…
“Sir, I wont deliver your commission and appoint you to be a judge. Sorry, orders of TJ.”

16. Why is this case so important to learn about?
The Verdict.
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Established JUDICIAL REVIEW = courts decide if laws passed by Congress are constitutional or not
Not stated in the Constitution.
Built up the power of the national government.
VIDEO
Why is this case so important to learn about?

17. Lasting Impact of Marbury vs. Madison
Strengthened the Supreme Court
Denies the right of states to refuse Federal Laws (ie; Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions.
This is the first time the Supreme Court overturns an act of Congress.
Checks & balances in action!

18. Precedent set: THE CONSTITUTION IS WHAT THE SUPREME COURT SAYS IT IS

19. Marbury vs. Madison What do you see in the cartoon?
Which of the items on the list from Question 1 are symbols? What does each symbol stand for?  
What is happening in the cartoon?  
What is the cartoonist's message?  
Do you agree or disagree with the message? Explain your answer.
Analyze the cartoon below in terms of its meaning related to the Marbury v. Madison case.
What do you see in the cartoon? Make a list. Include objects, people, and any characteristics that seem to be exaggerated.  
Which of the items on the list from Question 1 are symbols? What does each symbol stand for?  
What is happening in the cartoon?  
What is the cartoonist's message?  
Do you agree or disagree with the message? Explain your answer.

20. How does Jefferson react? TJ’s Anti-Fed side really shows!
Wants to overturn past Federalist decisions!
Suspends Alien & Sedition Acts
Tries to remove judges = IMPEACHMENT
Jefferson tried to impeach Supreme Court justice, Samuel Chase, but when the vote got to the Senate, not enough votes were mustered
To this day, no attempt to alter the Supreme Court has ever been tried through impeachment.
TJ’s Anti-Fed side really shows!

21. Jefferson defends the embargo…but WHY?
“Thomas Jefferson’s defense of the Embargo Act of 1807”

22. The Embargo Act was a disaster to the U.S. economy. Why?
We need foreign business more than they do.
LAST 16 DAYS of TJ’s presidency…
Non Intercourse Act (ended Embargo Act)
Reopened trade with all nations EXCEPT France and Britain
Will lead to the War of 1812.

23. Answering the AIM: How did Chief Justice John Marshall strengthen the federal government?