1. Parts of the Cell
Organelles

2. Cell wall
Outside of the cell membrane in plant cells and prokaryotic cells
Made up of cellulose in plants
Provides protection and support

4. Cytoplasm Site of all chemical reactions Clear fluid
Holds organelles in place

5. The region of DNA
Prokaryotic cells have a region of DNA (plasmid). There is no membrane surrounding this area.
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus- a membrane bound structure enclosing the DNA.

6. The nucleus Centrally located Contains DNA Control center of the cell
the instructions for making proteins
Control center of the cell
Directs all cellular activities
Protected nuclear membrane or envelope.

7. Inside the nucleus

8. Chromatin DNA bound to protein
Condenses into chromosomes when a cell divides

9. Ribosomes
Site of protein synthesis (where proteins are made)

10. Mitochondria Makes energy in the form of ATP
Also contain their own proteins and DNA
inherit mitochondrial DNA from mother

12. Chloroplasts Found in plant cells Site of photosynthesis
Have their own DNA

13. Vacuole Storage area for food, water, or waste
Plants = large vacuole, animal= small vacuoles
Contractile vacuole in aquatic unicellular organisms pump water

14. Cilia and Flagella long whip-like structures used for locomotion
short hair-like structures used for locomotion and disease prevention

15. Animal Cells vs. Plant Cells?
Centrioles
Lysosomes
Round
Smaller cell
Smaller vacuoles
Cell wall
Chloroplasts and other plastids
large central vacuole
Square
Larger cell

16. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic Cells
No membrane bound organelles
DNA and RNA not enclosed in nucleus
Circular DNA strands
Small Cells
LESS complex
Eukaryotic Cells
Membrane bound organelles
DNA and RNA in nucleus
Double Helix DNA structure
Larger Cells
MORE complex

17. Cell specialization = Cell differentiation

18. Cell Specialization Every cell in an organism will have the same DNA.
Only certain genes in the DNA will be activated in a particular cell
This will determine the structure and function of the cell

19. Lysosomes Found in animal cells Contain digestive enzymes
Used to get rid of old or damaged organelles, digest food particles, break down captured bacteria or viruses

20. Centrioles Found only in animal cells
2 small rod-shaped structures made up of microtubules (hollow protein filaments)
Located near the nucleus
Plays a role during cell
reproduction

21. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Site for chemical reactions
The folding of the membranes increases surface area available
Two types…

22. Rough ER Many ribosomes attached
Modification and packaging of newly synthesized proteins

23. Smooth ER no ribosomes lipids are made and stored here
where toxins and some drugs are neutralized

24. Golgi apparatus or Golgi body or Golgi complex (basically anything Golgi)
Stacks of flattened membranous sacs
Sort and package proteins for transport into small sacs called vesicles- UPS of the cell

25. Cytoskeleton
Composed for microfilaments and microtubules made up of protein
strength & support

26. Nucleolus
Where ribosomes are made
Some cells have more than one